226 SEA FISHERIES 



The herring boats (harenguiers) of Boulogne are of 

 two types. I give their description after M. Soe, the 

 well-known naval architect. The smallest of these types 

 is of English origin ; it is denoted by the two letters 

 P.L. The larger originated in Boulogne. One of the 

 last to be built, the Aimee, has a total length of in feet, a 

 width on the beam of 25 feet 9 inches, and a gross tonnage 

 of 172. The rest are from 50 feet to 95 feet in length. They 

 are all two-masted vessels. What strikes one at first 

 sight is the heavy forward rake of the mizzen. This 

 arrangement is due to the fact that the sail is extremely 

 heavy, and might carry away the mast were not the 

 centre of the sail hung well forward. Another 

 peculiarity of these boats is the arched form of the bar 

 on which the block of the main-sheet runs, which is just 

 forward of the mizzen-mast. The deck between the 

 masts is covered with numerous hatches, which cover 

 the holds for the fish. Finally, on each vessel is a 

 donkey-engine, which works a winch or capstan set to 

 the port side of the mizzen-mast. The herring boats of 

 Fecamp are built on very similar lines. The vessels are 

 used for the herring fishery and for the Irish mackerel 

 fishery. The tunny boats (thoniers) are large dundees 

 (ketches) of 40 to 60 tons, with foremast, mainmast, and 

 jigger. They hail mostly from Groix, Lorient, Sables- 

 d'Olonne, La Rochelle, and Royan. The lobster boats 

 are notable for their pierced holds for keeping the catch 

 alive. At Paimpol they are cutters about 50 feet in 

 length ; at Roscoff they are brigantines. 



The lesser fisheries are carried on by means of small 

 boats, usually of the cutter or sloop type, but bearing 

 local names. From Dunkirk to Calais sloops and 

 dundees are in common use. The etadiers commence 

 at Crotoy and are found as far as Saint-Valery-sur- 



