BOATS AND GEAR 241 



are 33 to 44 yards long and 19 to 22 feet deep ; the upper 

 warp is provided with corks and the lower with leads. 

 They are made of very fine linen or cotton thread and 

 are usually dyed blue. The net is shot over the stern of 

 the boat, while a loose bait of rogue (salted cod's roe, 

 crumbled, often mixed with sand) is thrown into the 

 water right and left, its object being to attract the sardine 

 to the surface. Directly the fish are seen to be "working" 

 on one side of the net the men continue to throw the 

 rogue on the other side, and the sardine, rushing after the 

 bait, is caught by its gills in a mesh of the net. 



The Atlantic tunny, or germon, is taken by a line 

 dragged through the water by a moving vessel. These 

 lines are suspended from two " perches " rods or poles 

 50 to 60 feet or more in length of which one is fixed 

 on either side of the mainmast of the vessel. The lines 

 are of hemp and about 360 feet in length, and each is 

 furnished with a double-barbed hook. Six of these lines 

 are attached to each perch. The hooks are baited with a 

 tuft of bleached horsehair and a piece of maize-straw. 

 The tunny rushes violently at the hook, which hops 

 along the surface of the water ; it is drawn on board and 

 killed by the stab of a kind of awl in the brain. 



The sailing vessels of the Newfoundland and Iceland 

 banks fish for cod with the line. In the Newfound- 

 land fishery the harouelles or bottom lines are set at a 

 depth of over 50 fathoms. The fishermen, when their 

 vessel is perhaps 250 miles from the nearest land,, put 

 out in their dories. Each dory sets 24 lines in the 

 course of a day, and as the vessel is equipped with a 

 dozen dories, the daily total is usually more than 250 

 lines, or nearly 2,000 hooks. The lines are left for 

 twelve hours, from four in the afternoon until four the 

 next morning. The bait consists of scraps of fish or 



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