IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 53 



Csesalpinia vesicaria, Linne. (C. bijuga, Swartz.) 



West India, on dry savannahs and limestone rocks. This tree 

 furnishes part of the red Fernambuc Wood of commerce for 

 dye purposes and select implements. 



Cajanus Indicus, Candolle. 



The Catjang ; in Assam, called Gelooa-mah, also called Arhar. 

 A shrubby plant of tropical Africa and India, ascending to 

 6,000 feet in the already extra- tropical latitudes of the 

 Himalayas. It sustains itself on dry ground, and yields the 

 pulse known as Dhal, Urhur, and Congo Pea. The plant lasts 

 for about three years. Attains a height of 15 feet, and has 

 yielded in the richest soil of Egypt 4,000 Ibs. of peas to the 

 acre. A crop is already obtained in the first year. The seeds 

 can be used as peas in the green, as well as mature, state. 

 Even more used daily in India than Phaseolus radiatus and 

 Cicer arietinum. Some of the tribes of Central Africa use 

 the stem of this shrub in friction with reeds to strike fire, 

 according to Speke. Several species of Cajanus of the Atylosia 

 section, indigenous to the warmer parts of Australia, might 

 be tested for the sake of the economic value of their seeds. 

 The insect, active in the formation of Lac, lives extensively 

 on the Cajanus, according to Mr. T. D. Brewster, of Assam. 

 Silkworms live also on it. 



Cakile maritima, Scopoli. 



Europe, North Africa, North and Central America, extra- 

 tropical Australia. Not unimportant for aiding to cover drift- 

 sand cast up on low sea-shores ; not hurt by the spray. 



Calamagrostis longifolia, Hooker. 



North America. Excellent for fixing drift-sand. 



Calamintha Nepeta, Hoffmansegg. 



It is of the strongest odour among several species, but not of 

 so pleasant a scent as C. incana (Boiss.) and C. grandiflora 

 (Moench) . 



Calamintlia officinalis, Moench. 



Middle and South Europe and Middle Asia, North Africa. 

 A perennial herb, used like melissa as a condiment. 



Calamus montanus, T. Anderson. 



Himalaya, up to 6,000 feet. A hardy climbing Palm. The 

 aged canes are naked. "The light but strong suspension 

 bridges, by which the large rivers of Sikkim are crossed, are 



