IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 215 



Panicum sanguinale, Linne. 



From South Europe and Southern Asia, spread through all 

 countries with a warm climate, but apparently also indigenous 

 in East Australia. It readily disseminates itself on barren 

 ground, and is likely to add to the value of desert pastures, 

 although it is annual. Stock relish this grass. P. ciliare 

 (L.) and P. glabrum (Gaudin) are allied species. 



Panicum semialatum, R. Brown. 



Warmer regions of Asia, Africa, and Australia. A superior 

 tall pasture -grass, of easy dispersion in warm, humid local- 

 ities. 



Panicum spectabile, Nees.* 



The Coapim of Angola. From West Africa, transferred to 

 many other tropical countries. A rather succulent, very fat- 

 tening grass, attaining a height of about 4 feet. It may be 

 assumed that hitherto about 300 well-defined species of Pani- 

 cum are known, chiefly tropical and sub-tropical, thus very 

 few extending naturally to Europe, or the United States of 

 North America, or Japan, or the southern part of Australia. 

 Though mostly from the hot zones, these grasses endure in 

 many instances a cooler clime, and some of them would prove 

 great acquisitions, particularly the perennial species. Numer- 

 ous good kinds occur in Queensland and North Australia 

 spontaneously. Panicum is the genus richest in species among 

 grasses. 



Panicum terniflorum, R. Brown. (Paspalum brevifolium, Fluegge.) 

 South Asia and East Australia. It has a running stem and 

 forms a good bottom as a pasture grass (Bailey) . 



Panicum turgidum, Forskael. 



Egypt, where this Millet yields a bread grain. 



Panicum virgatum, Linne. 



North America, South Asia, and North Australia. A tall 

 perennial species, with a wide, nutritious panicle. 



Papaver somniferum, Linne. 



The Opium Poppy. Orient. The capsules of this tall annual, 

 so showy for its flowers, are used for medicinal purposes ; from 

 the minute but exceedingly numerous seeds oil of a harmless 

 and most palatable kind can be pressed remuneratively ; but 



