240 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



PinilS Massoniana, Lambert. (P. Sinensis, Lamb.) 



China and Japan. The most common of all trees in Japan, 

 called there the " Matz." It attains a stem diameter of 6 

 feet, a height of 100 feet, and an age of several centuries. It 

 prefers sandy soil. Splendid for avenues (Rein). It supplies 

 a resinous, tough, and durable wood, used for buildings and 

 furniture. The roots, when burned with the oil of Brassica 

 Orientalis, furnish the Chinese Lampblack. 



Finns Menziesii, Douglas. 



North-West America. The Blue Spruce of California, also 

 called Tideland Spruce, ascending to elevations of 9,000 feet, 

 of rapid growth in congenial soil. A very handsome tree, 

 which grows to a great height, and furnishes a valuable pale 

 and fine-grained timber; used largely for piles (Dr. Gibbons). 

 It thrives best in moist ground. According to Professor Brewer, 

 instances are on record of trees having attained a height of 

 over 300 feet, and a stem 7 feet in diameter at ] 00 feet from 

 the base. From an exceptionally large tree 100,000 shingles 

 were obtained, besides 58 cords of wood. 



Finns Mertensiana, Bongard. 



Californian Hemlock Spruce. North- West America. The 

 wood is white, tough, and very soft, but is often used for 

 building. The tree is from 100 to 150 feet high, with a stem 

 of 4 to 6 feet in diameter. 



Finns mitis, Michaux. 



Yellow Pine of North America. In dry sandy soil, attaining 

 a height of 60 feet. Wood durable, fine-grained, moderately 

 resinous, valuable for flooring, cabinet-work and ship-building. 

 According to Dr. Vasey it commands a higher price even 

 than that of P. Strobus. 



Finns monophylla, Torrey. (P. edulis, Engelmann.) 



Stone or Nut Pine of California, on the Sierra Nevada and 

 Cascade Mountains, 6,500 feet. It thrives best on dry lime- 

 stone soil. The seeds are edible, of an almond-like taste, and 

 consumed in quantity by the natives. Height of tree gene- 

 rally about 35 feet, but occasionally as much as 80 feet; stem 

 not of great thickness. Not of quick growth. 



Finns montana, Du Koi. (P. Pumilio, Hsenke.) 



On the Alps and Carpathians up to the highest points, cover- 

 ing large tracts, and thriving on the poorest soil. The tree, 



