274 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



Quercus Sundaica, Blume. 



One of the Oaks from the mountains of Java, where several 

 other valuable timber Oaks exist. The existence of Oaks on 

 the higher mountains of New Guinea has been demonstrated 

 by Dr. Beccari ; hence, in all probability, additional valuable 

 evergreen species will be obtainable for our arboreta from 

 thence. 



Quercus Toza, Bosc. 



South Europe. One of the handsomest Oaks, and one of the 

 quickest of growth. Will live in sandy soil. It furnishes 

 superior tanners' bark. 



Quercus virens, Linne.* 



The Live Oak of North America, extending northward to 

 Virginia, and perhaps the hardiest of the evergreen species. 

 Fifty feet high, with a stem of sometimes 9 feet in diameter. 

 Supplies a most valuable timber for ship-building ; it is heavy, 

 compact, fine-grained ; it is, moreover, the strongest and most 

 durable of all American Oaks. Like Q. obtusiloba (Mich.), it 

 lives also on sea-shores, helping to bind the sand, but it is then 

 not of tall stature. Of many of the three hundred Oaks of both 

 the western and eastern portions of the northern hemisphere, 

 the properties remain unrecorded and perhaps unexamined; 

 but it would be important to introduce as many kinds as 

 possible for local test-growth. The acorns, when packed 

 in dry moss, retain their vitality for some months. The 

 species with deciduous foliage are not desirable for massive 

 ornamental planting in the warmer parts of the temperate 

 zone, because they shed their dead leaves tardily during the 

 very time of the greatest verdure of other vegetation. 



Quillaja saponaria, Molina. 



Chili. A colossal tree. The bark is rich in saponin, and 

 thus valuable for dressing wool and silk. 



Rafhia amplexicaulis, Thunberg. 



South Africa. The root of this bush is sweet like liquorice, 

 and is administered in medicine. Rafnia perfoliata (E. 

 Meyer), also from South Africa, furnishes likewise a medi- 

 cinal root. 



Raphanus sativus, Linne. 



South Asia, up to 16,000 feet in the Himalayas, eastward to 

 Japan. The Radish. R. caudatus (L.), the Radish with long 



