312 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



The reed portion of these pipes is generally prepared from 

 Alnus serrulata (Meehan). 



Smyrnium Olusatrum, Linne*. 



The Alisander. Middle and South Europe, North Africa, 

 Western Asia. A biennial herb, which, raw or boiled, can be 

 utilised in the manner of celery. The roots and the fruitlets 

 serve medicinal purposes. 



Solanum -ZEthiopicum, Linne. 



Tropical Africa. Cultivated there and elsewhere on account 

 of its edible berries, which are large, red, globular, and uneven. 

 The plant is annual. 



Solanum betaceum, Cavanilles. (Cyphomandra letacea, Sendtner.) 



Central America. This shrub is cultivated as far south as 

 Buenos Ayres and Valparaiso, also on the Mediterranean Sea, 

 for the sake of its tomato-like berries. 



Solanum Dulcamara, Linne. 



Middle and South Europe, North Africa, Middle Asia. A 

 trailing half -shrub, with deciduous leaves. The stems are 

 used in medicine and contain two alkaloids dulcamarin and 

 solanin. 



Solanum edule, Schumacher and Thonning. 



Guinea. The berry is of the size of an apple, yellow and 

 edible. 



Solanum Fendleri, Asa Gray. 



New Mexico. A new kind of Potato, enduring a temperature 

 of zero. Professor Meehan's endeavours to obtain .good-sized 

 tubers have as yet not been successful. Tubers of good size 

 have since been obtained according to Simmonds. The follow- 

 ing plants are also spoken of by Dr. Kosenthal and others as 

 new kinds of potato, perhaps to be developed through cultiva- 

 tion : S. demissum (Lindley), S. cardiophyllum (Lindley), S. 

 utile (Klotzsch), S. verrucosum (Schlechtendal), S. Bulbocast- 

 anum (Dunal), S. stoloniferum (Schlechtendal) 3 all from 

 Mexico and some from elevations 10,000 feet high ; S. Maglea 

 (Molina) from Chili, and S. immite (Dunal) from Peru. 



Solanum Gilo, Raddi. 



Tropical America ; much cultivated there for the sake of its 

 large, spherical, orange-coloured berries, which are eatable. 



