IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 335 



Trithrinax campestris, Drude.* 



Argentina, as far south as 32 40'. Height 30 feet. One of 

 the most southern of all Palms. Another species occurs in 

 South Bolivia. 



Triticum junceum, Linne. 



Europe and North Africa. A rigid grass with pungent leaves 

 and extensively creeping roots, requiring sea-sand for its 

 permanent growth. One of the best grasses to keep rolling 

 sand-ridges together, and particularly eligible where cattle 

 and other domestic animals cannot readily be prevented from 

 getting access. 



Triticum vulgare, Villars.* 



The Wheat. Apparently arisen through culture from ^Egilops 

 ovata (L.), and then a South European, North African, and 

 Oriental plant. Traced back as an Egyptian and indeed also 

 Chinese culture plant to nearly 5,000 years. In Japan wheat is 

 of extraordinary precocity (Lartigne), and it is greatly recom- 

 mended as a forage plant. This is not the place to enter into 

 details about a plant universally known ; it may therefore 

 suffice merely to mention that three primary varieties must 

 be distinguished between the very numerous sorts of cultivated 

 Wheat : 1. Far. muticum, T. hybernum (L.), the Winter 

 Wheat or Unbearded Wheat ; 2. Far. aristatum, T. sestivum 

 (L.), the Summer Wheat or Bearded Wheat; 3. Far. 

 adhaBrens, T. Spelta (L.), Wheat with fragile axis and adherent 

 grain. Metzger enumerates as distinct kinds of cultivated 

 Wheat : 



T. vulgare (Vill.), which includes among other varieties the 

 ordinary Spring Wheat, the Fox Wheat, and the Kentish 

 Wheat. It comprises also the best Italian sorts for plaiting 

 straw bonnets and straw hats, for which only the upper part 

 of the stem is used, collected before the ripening of the 

 grain, and bleached through exposure to the sun while kept 

 moistened. 



T. turgidum (L.), comprising some varieties of White and Red 

 Wheat, also the Clock Wheat and the Revet Wheat. 



T. durum (Desfont.), which contains some sorts of the Bearded 

 Wheat. 



T. Polonicum (L.), the Polish Wheat, some kind of which is 

 well adapted for peeled Wheat. 



T. Spelta (L.), the Spelt Corn or Dinkel Wheat, a kind not 

 readily subject to disease, succeeding on soil of very limited 

 fertility, not easily attacked by birds, furnishing a flour of 



