352 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



the limited access to those countries has left us largely unac- 

 quainted with its vegetable treasures also in this direction. 

 Von Martius demonstrated so early as 1850 the occurrence of the 

 following Palms in extra-tropical South America : Ceroxylon 

 australe (Mart.), on high mountains in Juan Fernandez, at 30 

 south latitude ; Jubsea spectabilis (Humb.), in Chili, at 40 

 south latitude; Trithrinax Brasiliana (Mart.), at 31 south 

 latitude; Copernicia cerif era (Mart.), at 29 south latitude; 

 Acrocomia Totai (Mart.), at 28 south latitude; Cocos Aus- 

 tralis (Mart.), at 34 south latitude; Cocos Yatai (Mart.), at 

 32 south latitude; Cocos Romanzoffiana (Cham,), at 28 

 south latitude ; Diplothemium littorale (Mart.), at 30 south 

 latitude. All the last-mentioned Palms occur in Brazil, the 

 Acrocomia and Trithrinax extending to Paraguay, and Cocos 

 Australis to Uruguay and the La Plata States. 

 While some Palms, as indicated, descend to cooler latitudes, 

 others ascend to temperate and even cold mountain regions. 

 Among the American species are prominent in this respect 

 Euterpe Andicola (Brogn.), E. Haenkeana (Brogn.), E. longi- 

 vaginata (Mart.), Diplothemium Porallyi (Mart.), and Cer- 

 oxylon pithyrophyllum (Mart.), all occurring on the Bolivian 

 Andes at an elevation of about 8,000 feet. Ceroxylon Andicola 

 (Humb.), Kunthia montana (Humb.), Oreodoxa frigida 

 (Humb.), and Geonoma densa (Linden) reach also on the Andes 

 of New Granada a height of at least 8,000 feet. Ceroxylon 

 Klopstockia (Mart.) advances on the Andes of Venezuela to a 

 zone of 7,500 feet altitude, where Karsten saw stems 200 feet 

 high, with leaves 24 feet long ! There also occur Syagrus 

 Sancona (Karst.) and Platenia Chiragua (Karst.) at elevations 

 of 5000 feet, both very lofty Palms. From the temperate 

 mountain regions of sub-tropical Mexico are known, among 

 others, Chamaedora concolor (Mart.), Copernicia Pumos 

 (Humb.), C. nana (Kunth), and Branca dulcis (Mart.), at 

 elevations from 7,000 to 8,000 feet. 



Widdringtonia juniperoides, Endlicher. 



South Africa, 3,000 to 4,000 feet above sea-level. A middling- 

 sized tree, rich in resin. 



Wistaria Chinensis, Candolle. 



The " Fuji" of Japan. Lives through a century and more. 

 The stem is carried up straight, and the branches are trained 

 on horizontal trellises at Japanese dwellings, affording shades 

 for seats beneath. One Wistaria tree will thus cover a square 

 of 50 feet by 50 feet, the odorous trusses of flowers pendant 

 through the trellis overhead (Christy) . Fortune tells us of a 



