in Extra- Tropical Countries. 63 



kinds of wood. The box-tree needs calcareous soil for its best 

 development. In Norway it is hardy to lat. 63 26', according to 

 Prof. Schuebeler, who saw a plant 11 feet high and 6 inches in stem- 

 diameter in lat. 58 58'. Among allied species B. Balearica attains 

 a height of 80 feet. Other congeners are B. subcolumnaris, B. 

 Cubana, B. Purdieana, B. citrifolia, B. acuminata, B. laevigata, B. 

 Vahlii, B. gonoclada, B. retusa, B. glomerata, B. Wrightii, all from the 

 West Indies; B. Madagascar! ca, also B. longifolia from Turkey and 

 B. Wallichiana from the Himalayas. It does not however appear to 

 be known, how the wood of any of these, nor of the various species of 

 the Indian genus Sarcococca or the genus Styloceras of the Andes 

 compares with true box-wood; nor is it known, whether or not they 

 are of much more rapid growth. 



Csesalpinia Bonduc, Roxburgh. (Guilandina Bonduc, Linn.) 



Widely dispersed through the inter-tropical regions of both hemi- 

 spheres with Gr. Bonducella, L. These two species would be well 

 adapted for hedges in the warmer parts of the temperate zone. 



Csesalpinia brevifolia, Bentham. (Balsamocarpon brevifolium, Clos. ) 



Chili, the " Algorobillo." The pods of this shrub are extraordi- 

 narily rich in tannic acid. Godeffroy found in the husks 68^ per cent. 

 The process of tanning with these pods is accomplished in one-third 

 of the time, required for leather from oak -bark; this material is also 

 especially valuable as giving a bloom to the leather. 



Csesalpinia coriaria, Willdenow. 



Wet sea-shores of Central America. Might be naturalized in salt- 

 marshes elsewhere. Colonel Drury states, that each full-grown tree 

 produces annually about 100 Ibs. of pods, the husk of which, com- 

 mercially known as Divi-Divi, is regarded as the most powerful and 

 quickly acting tanning material in India. The mercantile price of 

 the pods is from 8 to 13 per ton. 



Casesalpinia crista, Linne*. 



West-Indies and Carolina. This shrub or tree furnishes a yellow 

 dye-wood. 



Caesalpinia echinata, Lamarck. 



Brazil. The Fernambuc-wood or Red Brazil-wood is obtained 

 from this tree and allied species; they also furnish the dye-principle 

 brazilin. 



Csesalpinia Gilliesii, Wallich. (Poinciana Gilliesii, Hooker.) 



La Plata-States. This beautiful hardy bush can be utilized for 

 hedges. 



Csesalpinia Sappan, Linn. 



South-Asia. The wood furnishes a red dye. This shrub can also 

 be adopted as a hedge-plant. 



