74 Select Plants for Industrial Culture 



Carya amara, Nuttall. 



The Bitternut-Tree or Swamp-Hickory. Eastern North-America,, 

 extending to Georgia and Texas. A tree, sometimes 80 feet high. 

 Wood less valuable than that of other hickories. Richest of all 

 North-American trees in potash, in which most hickories abound. 

 Hardy at Christiania. The flowers of all the Caryas yield much 

 honey (Damkoehler). 



Carya glabra, Torrey.* (Carya porcina, Nuttall.) 



The Hog-nut-Tree. Eastern North-America, reaching Canada and 

 Florida. Often to 80 feet high. Wood very tough; the heart-wood 

 reddish or dark-colored; much used for axletrees and axehandles. 

 Kate of stem-growth in Nebraska, 38 inches circumference in 24 years- 

 (Furnas). 



Carya microcarpa, Nuttall. 



The Balsam-Hickory. Eastern North- America. A fine lofty tree, 

 attaining a height of 80 feet, with a stem 2 feet in diameter. The 

 wood is pale and tough, and possessed of most of the good qualities 

 of C. tomentosa, to which this species is also in other respects allied. 

 Also very closely related to C. alba. The nut is of pleasant taste, but 

 small (Nuttall). 



Carya oliviformis, Nuttall.* 



The Paean or Pecannut-Tree of Eastern North- America, extending 

 to .Texas. A handsome tree, reaching 70 feet in height, with a 

 straight trunk. The most rapid growing of all the hickories (Meehan). 

 Its wood is coarse-grained, heavy and compact, possessing great dura- 

 bility ; in strength and elasticity it surpasses even that of the 

 White Ash (Harrison). The nuts are usually abundant, and the 

 most delicious of all walnuts ; they form an article of considerable 

 commerce in the Southern States. Texas annually exports nuts to 

 the value of over 10,000 (Dr. C. Mohr). The tree matures fruits as 

 far north as Philadelphia. It commences to bear in about eight years. 

 The fresh nuts should be packed in dry moss or sand into casks for 

 distant transmission. Although the wood of all the hickories is not 

 well adapted for building purposes, as it is subject to the attacks of 

 insects and soon decays if exposed to the weather, yet its great 

 strength and elasticity render it extremely useful for implements, 

 articles of furniture, hoops and many minor purposes, besides supply- 

 ing locally the very best of fuel. Hickories, even when very young, 

 do not well bear transplanting, C. amara perhaps excepted. C. alba 

 and C. glabra would be particularly desirable for the sake of their 

 timber, and C. oliviformis on account of its fruit. The bark of all 

 the hickories contains yellow dye-principles ; by the addition of 

 copperas an olive color is produced ; by the addition of alum, a 

 green color. Hickory-stems are known to attain 12 feet in girth. 



Carya sulcata, Nuttall.* 



The Furrowed-Hickory and the Shellbark-Hickory of some dis- 

 tricts ; also one of the Shagbark-Hickories. North- America, in the 



