in Extra-Tropical Countries. 81 



Cedronella cordata, Bentham. 



Southern States of North- America. A perennial herb, fragrant 

 like the following. 



Cedronella triphylla, Moench, 



Madeira and Canary-Islands. A shrubby plant with highly 

 scented foliage. The volatile oil obtainable from it resembles that 

 of Melissa, but is somewhat camphoric. 



Celtis australis, Linne". 



The Lotus-tree of South-Europe, North- Africa and South-Asia, 

 ascending the Himalayas to 9,000 feet. Attains a height of about 50 

 feet. Though of rather slow growth, this tree can be used for 

 avenues, as its stem finally reaches to 6 feet in diameter. It is sup- 

 posed, that this Celtis reaches the age of fully 1,000 years. Berries 

 edible. Wood hard and dense, eligible particularly for turners' and 

 carvers' work. Used also by instrument-makers for flutes and pipes. 

 The stem-wood is fine-grained, easily cleft and of a splendid yellow 

 tinge; the branch-wood is one of the best for whip-sticks. 



Celtis occidentalis, Linne*. 



The Hackberry-tree. Eastern States of North-America. Height 

 reaching to 80 feet. Hardy as far north as Christiana. The sweet 

 fruit edible. Wood elastic and fissile. 



Celtis Sellowiana, Miquel. 



Argentina. Tree to 40 feet high. Wood strong, used for wagons,, 

 posts, turnery. Fruit edible (Hieronymus). 



Celtis Sinensis, Persoon. (G. Japonica, Planchon.) 



China and Japan. The " Heuoki." A tree bearing extreme 

 cold. Wood useful for carpenters' and turners' work. Fruit edible, 

 but small. 



Celtis Tala, Gillies. 



From Texas to the La Plata-States. A thorny shrub, or under 

 favorable circumstances a good-sized tree. This plant can be used 

 for forming impenetrable hedges but also shade-avenues. One or 

 two other Argentine species serve the same purpose. 



Cephaelis Ipecacuanha, Richard. 



Brazil, in mountain -woods, consociated with Palms and Tree- 

 ferns. It is not unlikely, that this herb, which is perennial and 

 yields the important medicinal ipecacuanha-root, would live in warm 

 extra- tropic forest-regions. Active principles: emetin and ipecacuanha- 

 acid. 



Cephalantus occidentalis, Linn. 



North-America, extending to Canada and Mexico. A tree, attain- 

 ing a height of about 50 feet on streams, easily disseminated, 

 flowering profusely already in a shrubby state, more important for 



