in Extra-Tropical Countries. 87 



Chondrus crispus, Lyngbye. 



Shores of the Northern Atlantic Ocean, " Caragaheen." This well- 

 known alg yields a nutritious and palatable gelatine on boiling, and 

 has thus become even of some therapeutic importance. The ready 

 steam-communication all over the world affords doubtless now the 

 opportunity of carrying also highly useful algs widely from shore 

 to shore in portable aquaria. In Australia the Eucheuma speciosum 

 (J. Agardh) and Gelidium glandulifolium (Harvey) are marine jelly- 

 weeds, well deserving of wide translocation. 



Chrysanthemum cinerarifolium, Boccone. (Pyrethrum cinerarifolium, 

 Trevisan. ) 



Austria. Furnishes the Dalmatian Insect-powder. It is superior 

 even to the Persian powder as an insecticide; it will keep for years. 

 It is prepared from half-opened flowers during dry weather, and ex- 

 siccated under cover. Best applied in puffs from a tube. To be used 

 also against aphides (W. Saunders). [See further U. S. Agricultural 

 Report for 1881-2.] 



Chrysanthemum parthenium, Persoon. (Pyrethrum parthenium, Smith.) 



Middle and Southern Europe. " Feverfew." The root, foliage and 



flowers of this perennial herb are in request for medicinal purposes 



since ancient times; the variety with yellow foliage serves for edging 



of garden-plots, ribbon- and carpet-culture. 



Chrysanthemum roseum, Adam. (Pyrethrum roseum, Bieberstein.) 



Sub-alpine South- Western Asia. This perennial herb, with C. 

 coronopifolium (Willdenow) yields the Persian Insect-powder. 



Chusquea Culeou, E. Desvaux. 



Chili, Valdivia, Argentina. This Bamboo exceeds not often 2O 

 feet in height; the autochthones on the La Plata-River use it for 

 lances. C. heterophylla and C. Cumingii (Nees) serve in the same 

 region for thatch-roofing (Hieronymus). C. andina (Philippi) grows 

 in Chili near the snow-line. 



Cicer arietinum, Dodoens. 



South-Europe and South- Western Asia. The Gram or Chick-Pea. 

 An annual herb, valuable as a pulse for stable- food, but an extensive 

 article also of human diet in India. Colonel Sykes counted as many 

 as 170 seeds on one plant. In Spain, next to wheat, the most ex- 

 tensively used plant for human food (Honorable Caleb Gushing). The 

 seeds can be converted into pea-meal or can be used in various other 

 ways for culinary purposes. 



Cichorium Endivia, Linn<5. 



South-Europe, North-Africa, Orient, Middle Asia. A biennial 

 plant, used even in ancient times as a culinary vegetable. In Nor- 

 way it grows to lat. 70 (Schuebeler). The inner leaves are bleached 

 for food by tying the outer leaves together (Vilmoriii). 



G 



