138 Select Plants for Industrial Culture 



Eucalyptus larginorens, F. v. Mueller. 



South-Eastern Australia, principally in the inland-districts. One of 

 the so-called Boxtrees, rising to a height of 120 feet as a maximum. 

 Stem-diameter to 3 feet. Wood dark brown-red, excessively hard; 

 fence-posts from this wood were found quite sound after 30 years. 



Eucalyptus Leucoxylon, F. v. Mueller.* 



The ordinary Ironbark-tree of Victoria and some parts of South- 

 Australia and New South Wales. It attains a height of 100 feet, and 

 supplies a most valuable timber, possessing great strength and hard- 

 ness; it is much prized for its durability, is largely employed by 

 wagon-builders for wheels and poles, by ship-builders for top-sides, 

 tree-nails, the rudder (stock), belaying pins and other purposes; it is 

 also used by turners for rough work. It proved to be the strongest 

 of all the woods hitherto subjected to test by Mr. Luehmann and 

 myself, bearing nearly twice the strain of American oak and ash, and 

 excelling even hickory by about 18 per cent. It is much recommended 

 for railway-sleepers and extensively used in underground mining 

 work. It is likewise very extensively employed for the handles of 

 axes and other implements by Victorian manufacturers. The price 

 of the timber in the log is about 2s. 5d. per cubic foot in Melbourne. 

 As it is. for some purposes superior to that of almost any other 

 Eucalyptus, the regular culture of this tree over wide areas should be 

 fostered, especially as it can be raised on stony ridges not readily 

 available for ordinary husbandry. The wood is sometimes pale, in 

 other localities rather dark. The tree is generally restricted to the 

 Lower Silurian sandstone- and slate-formation with ironstone and 

 quartz. Nevertheless, it accommodates itself to various geologic 

 formations, thus even to limestone-ground. The bark is remarkably 

 rich in kino-tannin, yielding as much as 22 per cent, in the fresh 

 state, but m.uch less after drying ; the fresh leaves contain about 5 

 per cent, and the dried leaves 9 to 10 per cent. This kino-tannin is 

 not equal in value to mimosa-tannic acid from Acacia-bark, but it is 

 useful as a subsidiary admixture, when light-colored leather is not 

 aimed at. As an astringent drug this kino is not without importance. 

 The flowers are sought by bees, even more eagerly than those 

 of most Eucalypts. E. Leucoxylon has, next to E. rostrata, thriven 

 best about Lucknow (in India) among the species tried there for 

 forest-culture. E. Sideroxylon is a synonym, referring particularly 

 to the rough-barked variety. 



Eucalyptus longifolia, Link.* 



Extra-tropic Eastern Australia. A tree, known as the Woolly 

 Butt, under favorable circumstances reaching 200 feet in height, the 

 stem attaining a great girth. Mr. J. Reader asserts, that there is 

 not extant a more useful timber; it stands well in any situation. 



Eucalyptus loxophleba, Bentham.* 



The York-Grumtree of extra-tropic West-Australia. Attains a 

 height of about 100 feet, the stem a diameter of four feet. The 



