in Extra-Tropical Countries. 1 53 



trade. Fagopyrum can be raised with advantage as an agrarian 

 plant for the first crop on sandy but not too dry heath-land, newly 

 broken up, for green manure. It gives a good green-fodder, serves 

 as admixture to hay, and is* also important as a honey-plant. The 

 period required for the cyclus of its vegetation is extremely short ; 

 thus it can even be reared on alpine elevations. In Norway it grows 

 to lat. 67 56' (Schuebeler). The produce of this grain in the 

 United States during 1879 was 13,140,000 bushels, valued at 

 1,636,000. 



Fagopyrum Tataricum, Moench.* 



Middle and Northern Asia. Yields for the higher mountain- 

 regions a still safer crop than the foregoing; otherwise the remarks 

 offered in reference to F. esculentum apply also to F. Tataricum; but 

 the seeds of the latter are more thick-shelled, less amylaceous and 

 less palatable. 



Fagopyrum triangular e, Meissner. 



In the Himalayan mountains, ascending naturally to regions 

 11,500 feet high. An annual. F. rotundatum (Babington) seems a 

 variety of this species. It is cultivated for food like the rest. 



Fagus betuloides, Mirbel. 



Patagonia and Fuegia. An evergreen Beech, on the branches of 

 which a peculiar edible fungus, Cyttaria Darwinii (Berkeley) occurs. 

 It seems quite feasible, that the Cyttaria-fungs could be transferred 

 from some beeches to others of different countries. Cyttaria Hookeri 

 lives on Fagus antarctica (Forster). C. Darwinii forms for some 

 months of the year a large share of the vegetable food of the 

 'Fuegians (Hieronymus). 



Fagus Cunningham!, Hooker. 



The Victorian and Tasmanian Beech. The Myrtle-wood of local 

 trade. A magnificent evergreen-tree, attaining large dimensions', not 

 rarely to 200 feet, but living only in cool, damp, rich forest-valleys. 

 The wood is much used by carpenters and other artisans, and 

 particularly liked for saddle-trees. It remains to be ascertained by 

 actual tests in the forests, whether the allied tall evergreen New 

 Zealand Beeches possess any advantage over this species for forest- 

 culture ; they are Fagus Menziesii, the Red Birch of the colonists ; 

 F. fusca and F. cliffortioides (J. Hooker), the Black Birches and F. 

 Solandri (Hooker), the White Birch. A magnificent and peculiar 

 beech, Fagus Moorei (F. v. Mueller), occurs in New Sonth Wales on 

 high mountains. Cyttaria Gunnii (Berkeley) is the Raspberry-fungus 

 o'f the Tasmanian evergreen Beech; a Cyttaria occurs also on the 



. New Zealand Beeches, as ascertained by the author of this work. 



Fagus Dombeyi, Mirbel. 



The Evergreen Beech of Chili, called there the Coigue or Coihue. 

 Of grand dimensions. Canoes can be made out of its stem, large 

 enough to carry 10 tons freight. The wood is still harder than that 



L 2 



