in Extra-Tropical Countries. 171 



Seeds black, connected. The cotton is of a very long staple, white, 

 somewhat silky, and easily separable from the seeds. A tawny 

 variety occurs. This is the tallest' of all cotton-bushes, and it is pro- 

 bably this species, which occurs in the valleys of the Andes as a small 

 tree, bearing its cotton, while frosts whiten the ground around. 



Gossypium Taitense, Parlatore. (G. reUgiosum, Banks and Solander.) 



In several islands of the Pacific Ocean. A shrub. Petals white. 

 Seeds disconnected, glabrous after the removal of the fulvous cotton- 

 fibre, which does not separate with readiness. 



Gossypium tomentosum, Nuttall. (G. Sandvicense, Parlatore ; G. rell- 

 yiosum, A. Gray.) 



Hawaia. Perennial. Petals yellow. Seeds disconnected; after 

 the removal of the tawny cotton-fibre fulvous-velvety, not easily 

 parting with their cotton. The roots are a powerful remedial agent, 

 which however should only be used in legitimate medical practice. 

 The barks of Hamamelis Virgiuiana and Viburnum prunifolium are 

 antidotes (Phares and Durham). 



For limitation of species and varieties Parlatore's " Specie del 

 Cotoni" (Florence, 1866) and Todaro's " Osservazioni su Cotone" 

 may be consulted. Information on culture may be sought in Porter's 

 " Tropical Agriculturist " and in Mallet's Work on " Cotton " (London, 

 1862). 



The following notes were written for the use and guidance of 

 Victorian colonists: 



There are many parts of our colony, in which all these species of 

 Gossypium could be cultivated, and where a fair or even prolific 

 cotton-crop may be obtained. Good cotton for instance has been 

 produced on the Goulburn-River, the Loddon, the Avoca and the 

 Murray-River, particularly in places, where water could be applied. 

 All cultivated kinds of cotton-plants are either naturally perennials or 

 become such in favorable climes, although they may be treated strictly 

 as annuals. Some of them will indeed in particular instances grow 

 to the height of 20 feet. The geographical parallels, between which 

 cotton-culture is usually placed, stretch in various girdles between 

 56 north latitude and 36 south latitude. According to General 

 Capron, cotton is grown in Japan to 40 ndrth latitude, but superior 

 quality is not obtained north of 35. 



The cotton-culture in the Southern States of North- America 

 utilized seven million acres before the civil war, cultivated by a mil- 

 lion and a half of Negroes; India has now 14 million acres in cotton, 

 as much as the United States in 1879, the yield in the latter being at 

 an average nearly half a bale per acre, and the export thence in 1881 

 in value about 260 millions of dollars (J. R. Dodge); in 1883 the 

 cotton-area of the United States was 16,777,993 acres; in 1882 the 

 cotton-yield there 6,957,000 bales. The importations of cotton into 

 the United Kingdom in 1884 amounted to 15^ million cwt., its value 

 being 44,000,000; about two-thirds of this came from the United 

 States. The primary advantages of this important culture are: a 



