in Extra-Tropical Countries. 183 



Hyphaene crinita, Gaertner. (H. Thebaica, Martius.) 



The Gingerbread-Palm or Doum-Palm. Abyssinia, Nubia, Arabia 

 and Egypt, as far as 31 north latitude, and southward to the Zam- 

 besi, Nyassa and Sofala. In Arabia to 28 north latitude (Schwein- 

 furth); up to the plateau of Abyssinia (Drude). It is much branched, 

 and attains a height of about 30 feet. The mealy husk of the fruit 

 is edible. Grows away from the sea. 



Hypheene ventricosa, Kirk. 



Zambesi. Loftier than the other species. Stem turgid towards 

 the middle. Fruit large. Perhaps not absolutely requiring a tropical 

 clime. 



Hypochoeris apargioides, Hooker and Arnott. 



Chili. A perennial herb. The root is used for culinary purposes 

 like that of the Scorzonera Hispanica. 



Hypoclic0ris Scorzonerse, F. v. Mueller. (Achyrophorus Scorzonerce, D.C.) 

 Chili. Of the same use as H. apargioides. Allied species of pro- 

 bably similar utility exist in Western South- America. 



Hyssopus officinalis, Linne". 



South-Europe, South- Western Asia. A perennial herb, discarded 

 and re-introduced in medicine. The essential oil of this herb is also 

 used for some perfumeries. 



Ilex Aquifolium, Linne". 



The Holly. Europe, Western Asia. In some cold regions the only 

 evergreen tree not coniferous. Known to have attained an age of 

 more than 150 years, a height of 60 feet, and a stem-circumference 

 of 8|- feet. It yields a wood for ornamental turnery, mathematic 

 and other instruments, remarkable for its almost whitish paleness. 

 In Norway it is indigenous to lat. 63 7', and in lat. 59 45' it at- 

 tained still a height of nearly 50 feet (Professor Schuebeler). 



Ilex Cassine, Linne". 



Southern States of North- America. A tea-bush, to which also 

 remarkable medicinal properties are ascribed. Ilex opaca (Aiton) 

 attains a height of over 50 feet in Alabama. 



Ilex crenata, Thunberg. 



Japan. The wood employed there for superior kinds of wood- 

 cuts. This shrub proved hardy in Holland (C. Koch). 



Ilex Integra, Thunberg. 



Japan. Bird-lime can be prepared from the bark of this and 

 several other hollies; from this species at the rate of 10 per cent. 



Ilex Paraguensis, St. Hilaire. 



The Mate. Uruguay, Paraguay and Southern Brazil. This 

 Holly-bush, which attains the size of a small tree, is inserted in this 

 list rather as a stimulating medicinal plant than as a substitute for the 



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