190 Select Plants for Industrial Culture 



choicest furniture. The shells of the nut yield a black pigment, the 

 leaves serve also for dye-purposes and have come farther into external 

 medicinal use. Trees of select quality of wood have been sold for 

 600, the wood being the most valuable of Middle-Europe. In some 

 departments of France a rather large quantity of oil is pressed from 

 the nuts, which, besides serving as an article of diet, is used for the 

 preparation of fine colors. To obtain first-class fruit, the trees are 

 grafted in France (Michaux). An almost huskless variety occurs in 

 the north of China. Can be grown in cold localities, as it lives up 

 to 2,000 feet elevation in Middle-Europe. Nuts for distant trans- 

 mission, to arrive in a fit state for germination, are best packed quite 

 fresh in casks between layers of dry moss. The foliage yields a 

 brown dye, and is administered occasionally also for medicinal effect. 



Juglans rupestris, Engelmann. 



From California to New Mexico, along the course of streams in 

 rich moist soil. A handsome symmetrical tree of much utility, attain- 

 ing a height of 60 feet and a stem-diameter of 3 feet (Dr. Gibbons). 

 Hardy in Christiania still. 



Juglans Sieboldiana, Maximowicz. 



Throughout Japan, where it forms a large tree. 



Juglans stenocarpa, Maximowicz. 



From the Amoor- territory. Allied to J. Mandschurica. 



Juniperus Bermudiana, Hermann.* 



The Pencil-Cedar of Bermuda and Barbadoes. This species grows 

 sometimes to 90 feet high, and furnishes a valuable red durable wood, 

 used for boat-building, furniture and particularly pencils, also for 

 hammer-shanks of pianofortes, on account of its pleasant odor and 

 special fitness. It is almost the only native timber of Bermuda. It 

 will thrive in the poorest soil, for instance coral-sand, and has a very 

 great power to resist storms on account of the deeply penetrating 

 roots, which may reach to 30 feet. Planks of 32 inches width have 

 been obtained (Lieut. -General Sir J. H. Lefroy). Many of the 

 plants in gardens called Thuya or Biotia Meldensis belong to this 

 species. 



Juniperus brevifolia, Antoine. 



In the Azores, up to 4,800 feet; a nice tree with sometimes silvery 

 foliage. 



Juniperus Cedrus, Webb. 



A tall tree of the higher mountains of the Canary-Islands. 



Juniperus Chinensis, Linne". 



In temperate regions of the Himalayas, up to an altitude of 15,000 

 feet, also in China and Japan. Hardy in Christiania (Schuebeler). 

 This tree is known to rise exceptionally to about 100 feet, with a 

 stem-girth of 13 feet; it is of comparatively rapid growth, furnishing 



