268 Select Plants for Industrial Culture 



but never "exceeding 40 feet in height (Sir Jos. Hooker). Wood 

 light, soft, rather brittle though close-grained (Prof. Sargent). Fruit- 

 strobiles nearly globular, purplish, with short and thick scales. Bark 

 whitish, scaly. 



Pinus Alcockiana, Parlatore. 



Japan, at an elevation of 6,000 to 7,000 feet. A fine spruce, 

 often to 120 feet high, with very small blue-green leaves; the wood 

 is used for light household-furniture. P. tsuga and P. polita ascend 

 there to the same height (Rein). . 



Pinus amabilis, Douglas. 



California Silver-Fir. North-California, Oregon, British Columbia,, 

 at elevations of from 4,000 to 7,000 or even 10,000 feet. A hand- 

 some fir, to 200 feet high, circumference of stem to 24 feet; the 

 stem is branchless up to 100 feet. The tree passes under the name 

 or the " Queen of the Forests " (Lemmon). The wood is elastic, 

 strong and hard, fit for masts and spars; it has a peculiar red color; 

 spikes, nails and bolts hold firm and never corrode in it (Dufur). 

 Very closely allied to P. nobilis and also to P. grandis. Hemsley 

 records as distinct from this P. lasiocarpa (Hooker), which gains a 

 height of fully 250 feet and has branchlets with yellowish bark. 



Pinus aristata, Engelmann. 



California, at elevations of 8-10,000 feet in the Sierras. A pine r 

 attaining about 75 feet in height, the stem three feet in diameter; 

 leaves extremely short (Gibbons). Fit for any alpine country. 



Pinus Arizonica, Engelmann. 



Arizona, California. This pine differs from P. ponderosa in 

 glaucous branchlets, thinner leaves constantly in fives and of different 

 structures, and in thicker and shorter fruit-cones, with greater promi- 

 nence on the scales (Engelmann, Sargent, Perry). 



Pinus Australis, Michaux.* 



Southern-Pine, also called Hard Pine, Georgia, Yellow JPitch- 

 Pine, Long-leaved Yellow or Broom-Pine. Southern States of North- 

 America. The tree attains a height of about 100 feet, and requires 

 soil open to a great depth, and follows the " stratified drifts," con- 

 sisting of gravel, sand and clay (Prof. Mohr). It furnishes a superior 

 timber for furniture and building, also for naval architecture, railway- 

 ties and flooring, particularly eligible also for very tall flagstaff's; thus 

 yields the principal yellow pine-wood of the lumber-trade. The 

 wood is compact, straight-grained, very durable, of delicate shades of 

 yellow and brown (C. Mohr), and has only a slight layer of sap wood. 

 The tree is not so quick of growth as many other pines. According 

 to Dr. Little the tree produces 30,000 feet of first-class timber per 

 acre. It is this species, which forms chiefly the extensive pine-barrens 

 of the United States, and yields largely the American turpentine, as 

 well as resin, pitch and tar. Great Britain in 1884 imported 23,000 



