278 Select Plants for Industrial Culture 



shade. Growth ill height at Port Phillip about 40 feet in 20 years. 

 The wood is resinous, and the red variety useful for building; it 

 yields a quantity of tar and turpentine. The branches are used for 

 torches by the rural population of its native country (Dr. Brandis). 

 The tree stands exposure and heat well. According to W. J. Winter 

 it endures an occasional shade-temperature of 118 F. 



Pinus Massoniana, Lambert. 



China. A good-sized pine, with widely spreading ramifications. 

 The wood, when well-seasoned, is much employed as material for 

 tea-boxes. Prof. C. Koch regards P. sineusis (Lambert) a distinct 

 species. 



Pinus Merkusii, Junghuhu. 



Burmah, Borneo and Sumatra, chiefly at elevations of from 3,000 to 

 4,000 feet. A tall pine. The only species of Pinus, which extends 

 south of the equator, closely related to P. Massoniana. Wood 

 exceedingly resinous (Brandis); stems valuable for masts and spars r 

 according to Mr. Gamble. Weight of wood about 50 Ibs. per cubic 

 foot. The resin of this pine resembles Damar (Wiessner). 



Pinus Mertensiana, Bongard. 



Western Hemlock- Spruce. North-Western America. The wood 

 is pale, tough and very soft, but is often used for building. This fir 

 gains a height of about 200 feet, with a stem 4 to 6 feet in diameter ;. 

 the bark is in great repute for tanning; the roots yield strong fibres, 

 even for seines and nets; the tender sprigs are the characteristic 

 ingredient required for making spruce-beer locally; the tree yields 

 also much resin (Dr. Kellogg). Though naturally so tall a tree, it 

 can young be trained and trimmed to the best of garden-hedges of a 

 lovely green (Prof. Bolander). 



Pinus mitis, Michaux.* 



Yellow Pine of Eastern North-America, extending to Missouri 

 and Texas, called also Short-leaved Pine, in contrast to P. Australis. 

 In dry sandy and more particularly somewhat clayey soil attaining a 

 height of about 90 feet; rapid in growth; eligible for rocky ridges. 

 Wood yellowish, compact, hard, durable, fine-grained, moderately 

 resinous, valuable for flooring, cabinet-work and ship-building. 

 According to Dr. Yasey it commands a higher price even than that 

 of P. Strobus. P. glabra (Walter) is closely allied to P. rnitis, and 

 fit for growth on low hummocks. Seeds smaller than those of 

 the North-East American pines, hence easier of transit in quantity 

 (Meehan). 



Pinus monophylla, Torrey. 



Stone- or Nut-Pine of California, on the Sierra Nevada and Cas- 

 cade-Mountains, up to 6,500 feet. It thrives best on dry limestone- 

 soil. The large seeds are edible, of almond-like taste, and consumed 

 in quantity by the natives. Height of tree generally about 35 feet, 



