286 Select Plants for Industrial Culture 



and the stem a girth of 21 feet. The wood is pale, even and straight- 

 grained, but only durable under shelter, but for inside-work greatly in 

 use. Hardy in Middle Europe. 



Pinus Strobus, 



Weymouth-Pine or American White Pine. North-Eastern 

 America, growing on any soil, but particularly adapted for deep, rich 

 ground in mountain-valleys; known to reach a height of 2 70 feet, 

 with a stem as much as 8 feet in diameter. It is the principal pine 

 of the lumber-trade of the Eastern States. One of the finest among 

 ornamental conifers. The wood is soft, whitish or yellowish, light, 

 free from knots, almost without resin, easy to work, very durable, and 

 much esteemed for masts, bridges, frames of buildings, windows, 

 ceilings, flooring, oars, cabinet-work and organ-pipes. The tree yields 

 American turpentine and galipot. Mr. Cecil Clay cut exceptionally 

 40,000 feet of its timber on an acre of ground in the .Virginian 

 mountains. The sap-wood is remarkably thin. The tree endures 

 the climate of Norway to lat. 61 15' (Professor Schuebeler). Maxi- 

 mum rate of circumferential stem-growth in Nebraska 2^ feet in 12 

 years (Governor Furnas). The softest and least resinous of pine- 

 woods can advantageously be converted into paper-material as an 

 admixture to other substances ; in Europe the wood of P. picea and 

 P. Abies is preferentially used for this purpose. 



Pinus Tseda, Linn. 



Frankincense- or Loblolly-Pine. Florida, Carolina and Virginia, 

 westward to Texas, in moist loamy-sandy soil, attaining a height of 

 about 120 feet. The timber is liked for pumps, but liable to warp 

 and decay in buildings on exposure (Sargent). Stems sought for 

 masts (Prof. Mohr). The tree yields turpentine in good quantity, 

 though of inferior quality, and exudes much resin; it likes regions 

 near the coast ; hence can be well utilized for raising fir-forests on 

 shore-lands, especially as this pine takes readily possession of cleared 

 forest-ground, and by quick growth overpowers other young trees 

 (Prof. C. Mohr). 



Pinus tenuifolia, Bentham. 



Mexico, at an elevation of about 5,000 feet, forming dense forests. 

 Height of this pine to nearly 100 feet ; stem to 5 feet in diameter. 



Pinus Teocote, Chamisso and Schlechtendal. 



Okote- or Torch-Pine. Mexico, from 5,000 to 11,000 feet above 

 the sea-level. Tree often to 150 feet high ; stem to 4 feet in 

 diameter. It yields the Brea-turpentine from which locally resin and 

 oil of turpentine are obtained; the wood is remarkably durable. 



Pinus Thunbergii, Parlatore. 



Japan. A tall pine with wide ramifications. Closely cognate to 

 P. Massoniana. The most common of all trees in Japan, called there 



