in Extra^ Tropical Countries. 313 



acid. Dr. Engelmann found the black oaks twice as rapid in growth 

 as the white oaks of the United States. Bartram's oak (Q. hete- 

 rophylla) is, according to him, a hybrid between the willow-oak and 

 scarlet oak. Hybrid oaks produce acorns capable of germination. 



Quercus cornea, Loureiro. 



China. An evergreen tree, at length 40 feet high. Acorns used 

 for food. 



Quercus corrugata, Hooker. 



Mexico. Attains a height of about 80 feet. The acorns are as 

 large as those of Q. Skinneri. 



Quercus cuspidata, Thunberg. 



Japan. A magnificent evergreen oak, grand in its proportions, 

 bears acorns in bunches or strings, of very sweet taste when baked 

 like chestnuts, but only of small size (F. C. Christy). These acorns, 

 boiled or roasted, are regularly sold in Japan for food (Rein). 



Quercus densinora, Hooker and Arnott. 



Californian Chestnut-Oak. A large evergreen tree of beautiful 

 outline, dense foliage and compact growth. Very hardy, having 

 withstood the severest winters at Edinburgh with a temperature of 

 F. (Gorlie). Bark very valuable for tanning; wood however 

 subject to rapid decay (Prof. Bolander). 



Quercus dentata, Thunberg.* 



Manchuria, Northern China, Japan. This is one of the species, on 

 which the Oak-silkworm (the Yama Mayon) lives. Franchet and 

 Savatier enumerate 22 distinct species of oaks as indigenous to 

 Japan. 



Quercus Douglasii, Hooker and Arnott. 



The Blue Oak, California. Stem reaching 7 feet in circumference 

 (Brewer). Resembles the white oak in the quality of its timber, 

 but this particularly used in wheelwrights' work. 



Quercus dilatata, Lindley. 



From the Himalayas to Afghanistan, at elevations from 4,500 to 

 10,000 feet. Evergreen. Height becoming 100 feet ; crown very 

 shady; branches lopped for sheep-fodder. The hard, heavy, elastic 

 and durable wood much used for building purposes and implements 

 (Major Madden), easily worked, and but little apt to warp and rend 

 (Dr. Brandis). 



Quercus falcata, Michaux. 



South-Eastern States of North- America. Known as Spanish Oak. 

 A tree, attaining a height of 80 feet, with a stem 5 feet iu diameter. 

 Foliage diciduous. It lives in dry sandy ground, and can also be 

 utilized for sea-coasts. Produces an excellent tanners' bark, and also 

 galls for superior ink. The wood is finer grained and more durable 



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