in Extra-Tropical Countries. 325 



and the adjoining States, with fruits of the size of red currants, of 

 agreeable flavor and either dark-purple or yellow color. R. 

 aureum, R. palmatum and some other strong American species have 

 come into use as stocks, on which to graft the European gooseberry 

 (C. Pohl). 



Bibes Cynosbati, Linn& 



The Prickly-fruited Gooseberry -bush of Canada and the Eastern 

 States of the American Union. . The berries are large. There is a 

 variety not so objectionably burlike-prickly. R. Cynosbati has been 

 hybridized with R. Grossularia, and the sequence has been a good 

 result (Saunders). 



Eibes divaricatum, Douglas. 



California and Oregon. One of the gooseberry -bushes of those 

 countries. Can be grown in Norway to lat. 69 40'. Berries smooth, 

 black, about one-third of an inch in diameter, pleasant to the taste. 

 Culture might improve this and many of the other species. R. 

 Nuttalli (R. villosum, Nuttall, not of Gay nor of Wallich) is an allied 

 plant, also from California. 



Bibes floridum, L'Heritier. 



The Black Currant-bush of North-Eastern America. The berries 

 resemble in odor and taste those of R. nigrum. Allied to this 

 is R. Hudsonianum (Richardson) from the colder parts of North- 

 America. 



Bibes Griffith!, J. Hooker and T. Thomson. 



Himalaya, at heights from 10,000 to 13,000 feet. Allied to R. 

 rubrnm, bearing similar but larger berries of somewhat austere taste. 

 R. laciniatum (H. & T.) is likewise a Himalayan species with red 

 berries, and so is R. glaciale (Wallich). Furthermore, R. villosum, 

 Wall. (R. leptostachyum, Decaisne), comes from the Indian highlands 

 and seems worthy of practical notice. 



Bibes Grossularia, Linn<$.* 



The ordinary Gooseberry-bush. Europe, North-Africa, extra- 

 tropical Asia, extending to the Chinese boundary (Regel), on the 

 Himalayan mountains up to a height of 12,000 feet; in Norway 

 enduring the cold to lat. 62 44'. This plant, familiar to everyone, is 

 mentioned here merely to indicate the desirability of naturalizing it in 

 any sub-alpine regions, where it is not indigenous already. 



Bibes hirtellum, Michaux. 



North- America, particularly in the New England- States, extending 

 to Canada. It likes moist ground. Yields the commonest smooth 

 gooseberry there. 



Bibes nigrum, Linn. 



The Black .Currant-bush. Europe, Middle and Northern Asia, 

 North- America, ascending the Himalayan and Thibetan mountains to 



