344 Select Plants for Industrial Culture 



Salpichroma rhomboides, Miers, 



Extra-tropical South-America, as far south as Magelhaen's Straits. 

 A half-shrub, .with good-sized berries of vinous taste (Lorentz). 



Salvia Matico, Grisebach. 



Sub-alpine Argentina. An important medicinal herb. 



Salvia officinalis, Linne\ 



The Garden-Sage. South-Europe, ranging to Switzerland. En- 

 dures the climate of Norway to lat. 70. A somewhat shrubby plant 

 of medicinal value, pervaded by essential oil. Prefers calcareous 

 soil. Counted also with honey-plants; enters into some condiments. 

 S. Sclarea (Linne), which ranges from South-Europe to Persia, is 

 similarly drawn into use, and was grown by Imperial order already in 

 the gardens of Charles the Great (E. Meyer). Among nearly half a 

 thousand species of this genus some are gorgeously ornamental. 



SambUGUS Australis, Chamisso and Schlechtendal. 



Southern Brazil and La Plata-States. Resembles the ordinary 

 elder, and is locally used for tall hedges (Dr. Lorentz). 



Sambucus Canadensis, Linne. 



North-Eastern America. The berries of this half-woody elder are 

 used, like those of Phytolacca decandra, for coloring vinous liquids. 

 Dr. Gibbons observes, that this species is recognised in the United 

 States Pharmacopoeia, and that S. Mexicana (Presl.) and S. racemosa 

 (Linne) possess similar medicinal properties. The flowers are gently 

 excitant and sudorific, the berries diaphoretic and aperient; a kind of 

 wine is frequently manufactured from them; the inner bark in large 

 doses acts as a hyrdagogue cathartic and as an emetic. S. xanthocarpa 

 (F. v. Mueller) is a large elder-tree of extra- tropical East- Australia. 



Sambucus nigra, Linne". 



The ordinary Elder. Europe, Northern Africa, Western Asia. 

 Endures the frosts of Norway northward to lat 66 5' (Schuebeler). 

 Known to have exceptionally attained a height of 35 feet. The flowers 

 are of medicinal value, and an essential oil can be obtained from them. 

 The wood can be utilized for shoe-pegs and other purposes of artisans. 

 The berries are used for coloring portwine and for other dyeing pur- 

 poses. The roots of the elder possess highly valuable therapeutic 

 properties, according to Dr. Al. Buettner. 



Sanguinaria Canadensis, Linne". 



North-Eastern America. " Blood-root." A perennial herb. Hardy 

 to lat. 63 26' in Norway. The root important as a therapeutic agent. 

 It contains also dye-principles. An excellent bee-plant (Cook). 



Sanguisorba minor, Scopoli. (Poterium Sanyuisorba, Linne*.) 



The Salad-Burnet. Europe, North- Africa, Northern and Western 

 Asia. A perennial herb, easily disseminated and naturalized, par- 

 ticularly adapted for calcareous soils. Serves as salad and particu- 

 larly as a sheep-fodder. 



