in Extra-Tropical Countries. 385 



subject see also the print of my lecture before the Agricultural 

 Society of Bendigo, "on rust in wheat/' 1865. According to 

 the report of the Commissioner of Agriculture in 1882, 37 

 millions of acres were under wheat-culture in the United 

 States. In various parts of the world the prodigious quantity 

 of 60 bushels on an acre is sometimes obtained on rich and new 

 land. 



Tropseolum majus, Linn<$. 



Peru. This showy perennial climber passes with impropriety 

 under the name of Nasturtium. The herbage and flowers serve as- 

 cress, and are also considered antiscorbutic. The plant can be grown 

 in Norway northward to lat. 70 22' (Schuebeler). A smaller species, 

 T. minus, L., from Peru, can likewise be chosen for a cress-salad;, 

 both besides furnish in their flower-buds and young fruits a substitute 

 for capers. A volatile oil of burning taste can be distilled from the 

 foliage of both, and this is more acrid even than the distilled oil of 

 mustard-seeds. In colder countries these plants are only of one year's 

 duration. Numerous other species, all highly ornamental, occur in 

 South-America and a few also in Mexico. The seeds will keep for 

 several years. 



Tropaeolum sessilifolium, Pceppig. 



Chili. Among the species of this genus one of the most eligible 

 for its tubers, which can be consumed even in a raw state, and are 

 larger than those of most other TropaBolums, while the stems are- 

 short and procumbent (Prof. Philippi). 



TropsBolum tuberosum, Ruiz and Pavon. 



Peru. The tuberous root serves as an esculent; some frost improves 

 it. 



Trophis Americana, Linn. 



West-Indian Archipelagus. The foliage of this milky tree has been 

 recommended as food for the silk-insect. In Cuba and Jamaica it is 

 used as provender for cattle and sheep. 



Tuber sestivum, Micheli. 



Middle and Southern Europe. The truffle most frequent in the 

 markets of England. The White British Truffle, Chairomyces 

 meandriformis, though large, is valued less. In the Department 

 Yaucluse alone about 60,000 Ibs. of truffles are collected annually, 

 at a value of about 4,000. Many other kinds of truffles are in use. 

 The Australian truffle, Mylitta Australis (Berkeley) or Notiohydnum 

 Australe, sometimes attains the size of the cocoa-nut, and is also a 

 fair esculent. It seems quite feasible, to naturalize the best edible 

 fungs of these and other genera, although such may not be amenable 

 to regular culture; thus efforts should be made for the introduction of 

 all the superior kinds of truffles, as an insight into the manner, in 

 which vegetables of the fungus-species might be transferred to wide 



