in Extra-Tropical Countries. 401 



Vignes Americaines). Professor A. Millardet of Bordeaux has in 

 1885 issued an excellent illustrated work on the principal Varieties 

 and Species of Vines of American Origin resisting the Phylloxera. 

 At present in the Department Herault already 170,000 acres are 

 planted with American vines. Unfortunately the mildew, which has 

 attacked so much the European vine is equally hurtful to the Ameri- 

 can species, unless V. rubra and V. cordifolia be proof (Planchon). 

 The I 3 hylloxera has now found its way to Algeria, Smyrna, and 

 New South Wales, so that all the five great parts of the globe are 

 invaded. 



Vitis rubra, Michaux. 



The Cat-Vine. Illinois and adjoining country, on river-banks. 

 May climb to half a hundred feet height. Proof against Phylloxera 

 and mildew. Promises to become of value for hybridisation 

 (Millardet). 



Vitis rupestris, Scheele. 



The Sand-Grape or Sugar-Grape. From the Missouri to Texas. 

 Likes naturally gravelly borders of torrents, along which elsewhere 

 this species might be naturalized. Hybridises easily; also well 

 adapted for grafting on it the European vine (Prof. Millardet). 



Vitis Schimperiana, Hochstetter. 



'From Abyssinia to Guinea. This vine may perhaps become 

 valuable, with many other Central African kinds, for tropical culture, 

 and may show itself hardy also in extra-tropical countries. Barter 

 compares the edible berries to clusters of Frontignac-Grape. 



Vitis vinifera, C. Bauhin.* 



The Grape- Vine. Greece, Turkey, Persia, Tartary; probably also 

 in the Himalayas. One of the most thankful of plants over a wide 

 cultural range. Praised already by Homer; cultivated in Italy as 

 early as the bronze-age, in Armenia since Noah's time. This is not 

 the place, to discuss at length the great industrial questions con- 

 cerning this highly important plant, even had these not already 

 engaged the attention of a large number of colonists for many years. 

 A large territory of West- and South-Australia, also of Victoria 

 and New South Wales stretches essentially through the Vine-zone, 

 and thus most kinds of vine can be produced here, either on the low- 

 lands or the less elevated mountains in various climatic. regions and in 

 different geological formations. The best grapes with us are produced 

 mainly between the 30th and 38th degree of latitude. Cultivation 

 for wine advances on the Rhine to 50 north; on trellis it extends to 

 52 or 53 N., in Norway even to 61 17'. In Italy vines are often 

 trained high up over maples, willows and elms, since Pliny's time; 

 in the Caucasus they sometimes grow on Pterocarya. Vines attain 

 an age of centuries and get stems 3 feet in diameter'. The doors of 

 the dome of the Ravenna-Cathedral are of vine-wood (Soderim). 

 Tozetti saw a vine with branches extending diametrically, as a whole, . 



