i SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 11 



about as a small tailed frog (7). As growth goes on, 

 the tail further diminishes and finally disappears alto- 

 gether, the transformation or metamorphosis being thus 

 completed (8). 



Death and Decomposition; Frogs may live for many 

 years, but, sooner or later, either in the ordinary course 

 of nature or by accident, they die. The heart stops beat- 

 ing, the flesh undergoes what is called " death-stiffening," 

 becoming hard and rigid, and all vital manifestations 

 cease. Before long the process of decomposition ensues, 

 the flesh, viscera, etc., soften and emit a bad smell, and 

 in course of time rot away completely, leaving only the 

 bones. 



Summary of Chapter. The very brief and cursory 

 study we have made so far shows us (i) that a frog has 

 certain definite parts arranged in a particular way; (2) that 

 it performs characteristic movements, some of them, 

 such as leaping and swimming, voluntary ; others, such 

 as breathing, involuntary ; (3) that it takes in solid food, 

 consisting mainly of vegetable matter in the tadpole, of 

 living animals in the adult ; (4) that it gives off waste 

 matters ; (5) that it reproduces its kind by laying eggs, 

 which develop only if impregnated ; (6) that it undergoes 

 transformation or metamorphosis, the egg giving rise to a 

 larva, the tadpole, which, after living for a time the life 

 of a fish, gradually changes into a frog- 



