ANIMATED NATURE. 7 



class. The first great order he subdivides into such as 

 respire through the lungs, and such as respire through 

 the gills ; which last evidently comprehend the fishes. 

 In those which breathe through the lungs, some have the 

 heart composed of two ventricles, and others of only one : 

 the former include the cetaceous fishes, viviparous quad- 

 rupeds, and birds ; the latter, the oviparous quadrupeds, 

 and serpents. Animals with two lungs, or ventricles, are 

 either viviparous or oviparous : the viviparous are subdi- 

 vided into aquatic, as the cetaceous fishes ; and ter- 

 restrial, as the quadrupeds covered with hair : the 

 oviparous animals with two lungs, comprise the whole 

 class of birds. % 



The animals without blood he divides into the larger, 

 which are either soft as the cuttle-fish, crustaceous as the 

 lobster, or testaceous as the cockle ; and are likewise 

 univalve, bivalve, &c. ; and the lesser, which comprise all 

 insects properly so called. My limits will not allow me 

 to follow him in his subdivisions into orders and families ; 

 it is but justice, however, to the memory of that eminent 

 naturalist to observe, not only that his arrangement is 

 clear, methodical, and simple, but that his descriptions 

 are comprehensive and accurate. He possessed an ele- 

 gance of taste, and a philosophic genius, which manifestly 

 pervade his labours, and stamp a great additional value 

 on them. 



KLEIN, whose system appeared in 174-0, makes the 

 power of changing situation the general characteristic of 

 animals, and deduces his several distinctions from the 

 manner in which this faculty is exerted. Some have this 

 faculty by means of feet, or similar appendages ; others 

 are furnished with both wings and feet ; some move by 

 fins, and others by an undulatory motion; some can 

 change their situations at pleasure in their shells, and 

 others only periodically. Such as are destitute of all 

 locomotive power are not comprehended within his 

 divisions ; his system must therefore, of necessity, be 

 inaccurate and incomplete. 



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