CONTENTS 



PAGE 



PREFACE ........... 5 



HINTS TO STUDENTS ON PRACTICAL WORK . . . 17 



CHAPTER 



I/' I. INTRODUCTORY. PLANTS AND ANIMALS . . 21 



II. ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR CHEMICAL 



CHARACTERS ........ 36 



/ III. SOME PHYSICAL CHARACTERS OF ORGANIC SUB- 



STANCES ........ 48 



IV. PROTOPLASM AND THE AMCEBA. PROTOCOCCUS . 61 



V. THE VITAL FUNCTIONS . . .... 76 



^ VI. THE CELL ......... 92 



VII. THE GREEN PLANT CELL ...... 112 



VIII. THE COLOURLESS PLANT CELL. THE YEAST 



PLANT ......... I2 j 



IX. BACTERIA ......... j^g 



X. SAPROPHYTIC FUNGI. MUCOR AND PENICILLIUM. 157 



XI. PARASITIC FUNGI 



'/Xll. ) ORIGIN OF SEX AND OF THE SOMA. THE 



GREEN ALG^E . ...... 184 



v XIII. DIFFERENTIATION OF TISSUES. Fucus : THE 

 SEA WRACK >,.. 



