130 



KEY TO THE SPECIES BASED PRIMARILY ON FRUIT AND BUDS. 



Page. 

 1. Accrcs maturing at end of second season on last season's growth; immature acorns 

 may be present in winter; shell of nut hairy inside; scales on acorn-cup usually 

 broad and thin, 2 



1. Acorns maturing at end of first season on growth of season; immature acorns never 



present in winter; shell of nut not hairy inside; scales of acorn-cup more or less 

 knobby 10 



2. Buds large; terminal ones vsnally over one-fifth of an inch long, 3 



2. Buds smaller; term:nal ones one-fifth of an inch or less in length, 7 



3. Buds coated with rusty brown hairs prominently angled, 4 



3. Buds not coated with rusty brown hairs; not prominently angled, 5 



4. Inner bark yellow; buds i-* of an inch long; aeorn-cup top-shaped to hemispheric. 



Q. velutina 142 



4. Inner bark not yellow; buds ^ of an inch long or less; acom-cnp hemispheric 



Q. marilandica 145 



5. Budr, sharp-pointed 6 



5. Buds blunt-pointed, the widest part, at or just below middle; eyidently woolly above 



middle Q. coccinea. 141 



6. Acorn-cups saucer-shaped; buds glabrous except sometimes slightly hairy near apex; 



bark fissured witJi intervening broad smooth ridges; branches straight, ....ft. rubra 139 



6. Acorn-cups hemispheric; buds light brown and hairy; bark shallowly fissured, with 



scaly ridges. br;jrching zigzag, Q. falcata 143 



7. Twigs during fifst winter dull, finally hairy ; shrubs, Q. ilicifolia 144 



7. Twigs smooth and shining during first winter; trees, 8 



8. Pin-like projectioos op lateral branches numerous, standing almost at right angles to 



branch; trunk continuous; acorn-cup saucer-shaped, Q. palustris 140 



8. Pin-like projections not present ; trunk divided 9 



9. Acorn-cups saucci shaped; buds dark brown; twigs stouter Q, phellos 147 



9. Acorn-cups hemispheric; buds light brown and angular; twigs slender, ..ft. imbricaria 146 



10. Buds narrow, conical, sharp-i.ointed, i ot a« inch or more in length, 11 



10. Buds obtuse, short, usually about i of an inch long, 13 



11. Buds pubescent, usually sharp- pointed, lateral buds generally appressed; bark on 



older twigs with corky ridges; acorn-cups fringed, ft. macrocarpa 134 



11. Buds smooth, lateral buds divergent; twigs without corky ridges; acorn-cups not 



fringed 12 



12. Acorns sessile; twigs slender and hairy to smooth ft. Muhelnbergii ]3fi 



12. Acorns evidently stalked; twigs stouter and smooth ft. Prinus 137 



13. Bark on brancblets peeling into long, dark, layer-like scales; acorns long stalked, 



ft.bioolor 135 



13. Bark on branchl?ts not peeling ofE into long, dark, layer-like scales 14 



14. Twigs usually coated with yellowish-brown wool; buds about as long as broad, 



ft, stellata 133 



14. Twigs smooth, 15 



16. Twigs slender; shrub or small tree; buds about as long as broad; acorn-cup encloses 



i of nut ft. prlnoides 138 



15. Twigs stout; large tree; buds longer than broad; acorn-cup encloses 1 of nut,. .ft. alba 132 



