{in cirUficial Spring of Water. o 



and the ftrata, which compofe the central parts of it, and 

 which are found nearly horizontal in the plain, are raifed 

 almoft perpendicularly, and placed upon their edges, while 

 thofe on each fide decline like the furface of the hill ; fo that 

 this mountain may well be reprefented by a bur made by forc- 

 ing a bodkin through feveral parallel flieets of paper. At Rou- 

 ter, or Eagle-ftone, in the Peak, feveral large mafies of grit- 

 ilone are ieen on the fides and bottom of the mountain, which 

 by their form evince from what parts of the fummit they were 

 broken off at the time it was elevated ; and the numerous loofe 

 ftones fcattered about the plains in its vicinity, and half buried 

 in the earth, muft have been thrown out by explofions, and 

 prove the volcanic origin of the mountain. Add to this the 

 vafb beds of toad-flone or lava in many parts of this county, 

 fo accurately defcribed, and fo well explained, by Mr. White- 

 hurst, in his Theory of the Formation of the Earth. 



Now as all great elevations of ground have been thus railed 

 ,by fubterraneoiis fires, and in a long courle of time their fum- 

 mits have been worn away, it happens, that fome of the more 

 interior ftrata of the earth are expofed naked on tiie tops of 

 mountains; and that, in general, thole flrata, which lie up- 

 permoft, or neareft to the fummit of the mountain, are the 

 loweft in the contiguous plains. This will be readily con- 

 ceived if the bur, made by thrufling a bodkin through feveral 

 parallel fheets of paper, had a part of its apex cut off by a pen- 

 knife, and is fo well explained by Mr. Michell, in an inge- 

 nious paper on thePhasnomena of Earthquakes, publifhcd a few 

 years ago in the Philofophical Tran factions. 



And as the^ more elevated parts of a country are fo much 

 colder than the vallies, owing, perhaps, to a concurrence ot 



two 



