378 THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIOLOGY 



Automatism of animals deduced from mechanistic theories, 280. 

 Autonomy in development, 322. 

 Available energy, 62 ; 

 and entropy, 374. 



Bacteria, a dominant group, 259 ; 



distribution, 259 ; geological history, 259, 261 ; morphology, 268 ; 

 metabolism, 266 ; specialisation, 263 ; parasitism, 259 ; nitrogen, 73 ; 

 prototrophic, 119, 266; paratrophic, 266 ; putrefactive, 266; fermenta- 

 tion, 266 ; and Brownian movements, 119; compensatory to plants, 267. 



Bergson, 28 ; 



creative evolution, 244 ; duration, 154 ; animals and plants, 78 ; eye of 

 Pecten, 234 ; inert matter, 375 ; infinitesimal analysis of the organism, 

 in; kinematographic analysis, no; theory of intellectualism, 51 ; 

 memory, 156 ; morphological themes, 250 ; theory of pain, 281 ; theory 

 of perception, 7, 10 ; the vital impetus, 318. 



Biology, systematic, 201, 203. 



Biophors, 132 ; 



size of, 183 ; growth of, 185. 



Biotic energy, 325. 



Borelli and animal mechanism, 125. 



Brownian movement, 118 ; 

 significance of, 119. 



Bryan and thermodynamics, 62. 



Bud-formation, 165. 



Calculus, infinitesimal, 25, 115, 350. 

 Calorimetric experiments, 65, 68. 

 Capacity-energy factors, 61. 

 Carnot's cycle, 69, 78, 113 ; 



negative, 368 ; description of, 363, 366 ; compared with plant meta- 

 bolism, 75 ; compared with the organism, 73. 

 Catalysis, 90 ; 



universality of, 91. 

 Catalysts, characters of, 91. 

 Categories of organisms, 209. 

 Central nervous system, specialisation of, 273 ; 



a switchboard, 273 ; evolution of, parallel with evolution of muscular 



system, 281. 

 Chance in evolution, 237. 

 Chemical affinity, 361. 

 Chemical energy, degradation of, 75. 

 Chemical reactions, direction of, 78 ; 



exothermic, 86 ; explosive, 86 ; similar in organic and inorganic 



systems, 78. 

 Chemical synthesis, involve vital activity, 318. 

 Chemistry, medieval, 125. 



