34 HOW TO KIDE 



measure his speed by the freedom 

 given him by the hand without forcing 

 himself upon it, he will be accustomed 

 to the spur until he bears the scratch 

 of the rowel with the same com- 

 placency that he bore the attacks of 

 the heels. This can be brought about 

 without trouble by quieting the horse 

 by voice and hand after each appli- 

 cation of the aid, which at first should 

 be very Hght, to gradually increase in 

 force. The spur should never be given 

 with a shock, but the foot should be 

 carried back and the rowel quietly 

 but quickly apphed by lowering the 

 toe. After the horse finds that the 

 spur comes soon after the pressure of 

 the leg he w^ill rarely require the 

 a,ppHcation of the severer form of the 



