C03DI0X UNSOUNDNESSES. 175 



unsound from defects either in their breathing or in 

 their eyesight. 



I do not purpose to treat of the latter cause of 

 unsoundness. It would be difficult to describe, and 

 no one unaccustomed to examine the eyes of a horse 

 would be able to tell much about them. 



Defects of the wind are more common. They 

 may be classed as follows. 



Roaring, whistling, and grunting. 



Roaring is when a horse makes a noise when 

 galloping similar to an animal roaring. It is easy 

 to detect when it exists, but I think it is sometimes 

 supposed to exist when it does not. If a horse is a 

 roarer, he will make more noise as he goes further, 

 and will make more noise when labouring in deep 

 ground than when galloping on grass, and will make 

 as much or more noise when he is blown than when 

 he first starts. A horse to be tested for roaring 

 should be galloped fast in deep ground and made to 

 blow. 



When a horse is a whistler he makes a noise 

 more like the singing of a tea-kettle than anything 

 else. In order to detect it he should be cantered 

 slowly, for if you gallop him enough to make him 

 blow, the noise he makes in breathing will over- 

 power the very slight noise of the whistle, and 

 you will very often be unable to hear it. In this 

 respect it differs from roaring, for the more a 

 horse is blown the more you will hear him roar, 



