18G LOCALIZED ELECTRIZATION. 



chloride of silver battery of Gaifife. Having already described 

 these batteries, their action and comparative worth, it is not 

 necessary to return to them. It only remains to show the results 

 of an inquiry that I have made quite recently, by the help of 

 the voltameter, upon the comparative electrolytic action of the 

 sulphate of lead battery, Siemens' battery (known as Remak's), 

 and the portable battery of Gaiffe. I have found that the electro- 

 lytic action of the first is about one-third less strong than that of 

 the other two, (M. Gaiffe has endeavoured to give to his battery an 

 electrolytic action equal to that of Remak's). 



It is also necessary to describe here some instruments that have 

 facilitated the use of the battery, and that are required for a 

 comparative study of galvanization by continuous currents and 

 faradization ; they will form the subject of the next paragraph. 



A. — Division of the high-tension hattenj into several sections in 

 the intervals of the ajJjjlications. — Coupling of these sections. — Dis- 

 trihution of the currents of the different sections, either isolated 

 or reunited. — Reversal of the poles. 



Galvanization sometimes requires the use of a battery of high 

 tension, and of great electro-motor power; that is, composed of 

 numerous elements. But it is well known that in all galvanic 

 batteries, during a slightly prolonged interruption of the circuit, 

 and especially when the battery is not often in use, certain interior 

 currents are produced, which increase in intensity in direct propor- 

 tion to the number of elements, and the reactions of which produce 

 rapid exhaustion of the battery. I was soon taught this by 

 experience, after having for some months used a Daniell's battery 

 of fifty pairs, to which I sometimes added another battery of 

 twenty pairs, that was chiefly used for my induction instruments 

 and electric clocks. 



In order to exclude or to diminish this cause of rapid exhaustion 

 of my battery, I had it divided into ten separate parts, in each of 

 which the tension is too feeble to produce, during the interruption 

 of the circuit, any reactions of importance ; and I then constructed 

 a small apparatus (manipulator), which being placed in communi- 

 cation with each of the ten piles of ten elements, was able, 1. to 

 unite them all into a single battery ; 2. to distribute them at 

 pleasure in circuits composed of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and so on 

 to 100 pairs, and consequently to graduate the electro-motor force 

 of the battery ; 3. to replace them in their original state of isola- 

 tion ^^hen the battery was not required in action. With the 

 manipulator I could also reverse the poles, during the galvaniza- 

 tion, without changing the place of the rheophores which com- 



