INDEX 



361 



289 ; possible explanation of, 294 ; 

 digital, 295; in Guinea-pig, 302; in 

 Myosotis, 304 ; wide range of monstrous 

 species, 317 ; Hornbills as monstrous 

 birds, 318 ; monstrous human hands and 

 feet, 321 ; a help towards comprehend- 

 ing the doctrine of evolution, 323. 



Natural selection, maintained but not ori- 

 ginated skin-rosetting, 196, 197. 



Nervous system, habits and memories of, 

 alter very slowly, 227. 



Ocelot, analysis of markings, 32-34. 

 Odontoglossum crispum, markings of, 24. 

 Orchids, persistent abnormality in sexual 



organs of, 255. 

 Order in which markings of mammals have 



altered, 211. 

 Ostracion, unarmoured lips of, 180. 



Pangolins, unarmoured parts of, 141 ; 

 scales of, agglutinated hairs, 159; char- 

 acteristics of, 181. 



Peaches and other fruit, colouring of, 139. 



Pichiciago, rump shield of, 140; transition 

 stage of armour of, 204. 



Pig, abnormal hand of, 247. 



Plates, armour, of various animals, III- 

 115; fusion of, in Glyptodon, 117; in 

 Leathery Turtle, 118 ; restored in ances- 

 tral Jaguar, 122; on abdomen of Great 

 Armadillo, 123 ; transverse on fore-legs 

 of Hairy Armadillo, 124 ; of Dolphins, 

 133 ; originally both dorsal and ventral, 

 151 ; in fishes, 155-157; homology of, 

 with pigment rosettes, 161 ; early loss of, 

 round mouth, eyes, and ears, 175 ; 

 influenced by nervous system, 121 ; 

 disappeared gradually, 204-205; dis- 

 appearance of, due to famine of lime- 

 salts, 206, 207. 



Polydactylum, cases of, 294-298; in Ichthy- 

 osaurs, 299. 



Propithecus, contrasted coloration of, 138. 



Puma, ancestral spotting of, 28. 



Quagga, coloration of, 87-88. 



Rabbit, meaning of white under-surface of 



tail, 143. 

 Racoon, ringed tail of, vestige of ancestral 



body-spotting, 28, 203. 



Reason, why huge extinct animals have 

 had pigmy descendants, 209 ; of rachi- 

 tic egg-skin, 210. 



Relationship, of markings of Horse, 

 Giraffe, and Zebu, to plating of Arma- 

 dillo and Rhinoceros, 215, 224. 



Rosettes, of Jaguar, 9, 14, 18, 24, 75 ; of 

 Leopard, 4, 9, 15-18, 27; of Ocelots, 

 32, 33 ; of Horse, 75, 76, 93 ; of Zebu, 

 95 ; of Jaguar, meaning of, 109 ; varia- 

 tions of, in Jaguar and Leopard, 102 ; 

 bone-rosettes of Glyptodonts, 109, 112; 

 of Polacanthus, 112 ; of Leathery Turtle, 

 118; of Crocodile and Sturgeon, 118; 

 of extinct fishes, 119; of Jaguar not 

 result of natural selection, 124; rosettes 

 and spots have deeper meaning than 

 general colour, 159; why on abdomen 

 of Armadillo, 191 ; on abdomen of 

 Leopard, why more altered than on back, 

 201. 



Ruminants, endo-skeletons of, absorbed 

 immense quantities of lime-salts, 208 ; 

 contrasts of hair-tufts on legs of, evidence 

 of ancestral callosities, 233, 234 ; char- 

 acters of, in common with Horses, 267. 



Sctites, dermal, disappeared gradually, 204, 



205. 

 Selous, F. C., on markings of Antelopes,. 



47 ; hiding in tall grass, 238 ; on 



Antelopes living in waterless regions, 48, 

 Serval, origin of markings of, 30 ; meaning 



of black marks from heel to toes, 30 ;, 



melanoid varieties of, 1.1. 

 Serranus gigas, spotting of, 156; other 



species of, with vestiges of plate-armour, 



157- 



Sheep, fleece of, what it tells us, 144 \ 

 Cyprian, white mouth of, 177. 



Skeleton, of mammals developed independ- 

 ently of skin-coloration, 126. 



Skunks, coloration of, 146, 147. 



Spinal line, of certain mammals, possible 

 meaning of, 140. 



Spotted Deer, markings of, 25 ; what they 

 tell us, 144. 



Spotting, of Cheetah, 20, 23 ; of Deer, 

 25, 46, 145 ; of Lion, 28 ; of Puma, 28 j 

 of Serval, 30 ; of Marbled Cat, 30 ; of 

 Dog, 50; of Horse, 77; of Bull, 95; 

 over eyes of black-and-tan Dog, meaning 

 of, 176. 



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