438 APPENDIX 



THINNING THE MARAM 



Art. 7. The maram, where it is too thick, will be thinned in conformity to the pre- 

 scriptions of the director of works. The stumps which are removed will be dug out and 

 deposited where specified by the foreman. 



Chapter II. Places of Extraction. Nature and Quality of the Material. Fagots 

 and Stakes. 



Art. 8. The fagots and stakes will come from the places indicated by the agents in 

 the State forest and situated at the average distance specified in the plans. Without 

 special authorization from the supervisor (chef de service) they cannot be removed from 

 the so-called protection zone. The thinnings will be under the direction of a forest em- 

 ployee and conducted without interruption, as the work proceeds. When the work is 

 stopped at any point the boundary of the area thinned shall be regularized so far as 

 possible by straight lines. If the brush and the stakes cannot be secured in sufficient 

 quantities, or are completely lacking in the Federal forest, the contractor must procure 

 them at his expense in private forests, provided, however, that the average distance of 

 transport shall not exceed the average distance specified in the plans. 



Art. 9. The brush and the stakes shall be used green. The fagots shall not include 

 cones or branches with a diameter of more than 1.2 inches. Maritime pine, genista or 

 gorse, shall be used for their manufacture instead of heather, unless specially stipulated 

 in the plans. The brush fagots must weigh at least 44 pounds from September 1 to 

 May 31 and 33 pounds from June 1 to August 31; those which do not come up to the 

 proper weight shall be rejected and immediately rebundled. No account shall be made 

 for the contractor for the fagots which exceed the stated weight. The stakes . . . 

 4.9 to 8.2 feet shall have a minimum diameter of 2.4 inches at the small end. Those 4.1 

 feet and less shall not be less than 2 inches in diameter at the small end. 



MARAM 



Arl jo. The maram to be transplanted shall be secured in the areas designated by 

 the director of works at the average distance indicated in the plans and extraction shall 

 be made by ... 



APPENDIX G 



STATE AND COMMUNAL TIMBER SALE REGULATIONS 



The regular contract conditions and clauses were issued by the administration at 

 Paris, June 22, 1903, and revised May 27, 1909, and again May 11, 1912. The following 

 translation of Part III Exploitation, is given in full since it is basic for all timber 

 sales throughout France unless exceptions are made in the special clauses issued by the 

 local conservators. 



PART III. EXPLOITATION 1 



Art. 17. Every successful bidder who, before the delivery of the cutting permit, 

 shall demand a recount because of an alleged deficit in the number of trees indicated 

 in the record of the trees reserved and marked for cutting binds himself, merely by his 

 request, to pay at the depository of the collector for the local Canton an indemnity of 

 10 francs per day's work for each agent and 3 francs per day's work for each guard, if 

 there is found to be no deficit. 



1 Part I describes the routine of the auction; Part II explains payments, charges, 

 stamp rights, and registry. See page 292. 



