408 EXAMINATION PAPERS 



ii. Compare the structure of the seeds of Maize, Wheat, 

 Oak, and Bean. Show in what respects they resemble or differ 

 from one another. How would you classify these seeds in 

 respect of fundamental differences of structure ? Give the 

 essential characteristics of each class. 



12. Mention the names of British plants which possess the 

 following characteristics, giving an example in each class : 



(a) Foliage-leaves in pairs on short special branches. 



(b) Reproduction by means of small buds which fall off 

 and develop into new plants. 



(c) Seeds (not fruits) which are dispersed by the agency 

 of wind. 



(d) Nodules on the roots. 



(e) Flowers with stamens and pistil but no calyx or 

 corolla. 



(/) Special adaptations of the leaves to withstand drought. 



CENTRAL WELSH BOARD 

 Annual Examination, July 191 i 



Botany 



1 . Describe a typical flower. Explain the uses of the various 

 parts and show how they are adapted to fulfil their functions. 



2. What part of a flower is a fruit derived from ? Name 

 three kinds of dry and three kinds of succulent fruits, and 

 show in each case how the dispersal of the seeds is brought 

 about. 



3. Describe the vegetation of one of the following localities : 

 (a) a hedge, (b) a river-side, (c) a wood. 



4. What are the distinguishing characters of the order 

 Rosaceae ? Mention three wild and three cultivated plants 

 belonging to the order. 



5. Give two examples of underground stems. By what 

 external marks would you distinguish them from roots ? 



6. What is meant by respiration ? What parts of plants 

 respire ? Why should plants not be kept in bedrooms ? 



