APPENDIX 409 



7. Mention four wind-pollinated plants. How would you 

 recognize a wind-pollinated flower ? 



8. Point out the difference between the shoots (i. e. the 

 stems with their leaves) of a Palm, an Oak, and a Carrot. Of 

 what advantage is a tall stem to a plant ? 



UNIVERSITIES OF MANCHESTER, LIVERPOOL, 

 LEEDS, AND SHEFFIELD 



Matriculation Examination, July 191 i 



1 . Describe the structure of a mature sporangium of a Fern, 

 and explain the functions of its various parts. Why is the 

 Fern-plant termed the sporophyte ? 



2. The embryos of phanerogams have laid up for them, 

 within the seed-coat, certain stores of organic material to start 

 them in life ; what is the chemical nature of these reserves, 

 and in what precise situations are they found ? 



3. Give an account of the morphology of any carnivorous 

 plant with which you are acquainted. Describe the secretory 

 glands and the nature of the secretion in the type you select. 



4. Write a short essay on the dispersal of fruits and seeds 

 by water, giving illustrative examples. 



5. How would you demonstrate practically that plants 

 respire ? 



6. Indicate the distinctive characters of any three of the 

 following trees : Oak, Elm, Ash, Pine, Willow. Arrange your 

 answers under the following headings : (a) Mode of growth, 

 (b) Flowers, (c) Bark. 



OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE SCHOOLS 

 EXAMINATION BOARD 



Higher Certificate 



(d) Botany 



1. How would you demonstrate by experiment the effect 

 of the stimulus of gravity on the direction of growth ? 



2. Give some account of the process of respiration. What 

 is its meaning in the life of a plant ? 



