STURTEVANT S NOTES ON EDIBLE PLANTS IO3 



the napa of Columella.^ This ttimip was certainly known to the early botanists, yet its 

 sjmonymy js difficiilt to be traced from the figures. However, the following are correct: 



Napus. Trag. 730. 1552; Matth. 240. 1664; Pin. 144. 1561; Cam. Epit. 222. 

 1586; Dod. 674. 1616; Fischer 1646. 



Bunias sive napus. hoh. Icon. 1:200. 1591. 



Bunias silvestris lobelii. Gar. 181. 1597. 



Napi. Dur. C. 304. 161 7. 



Bunias. Bodaeus 733. 1644. 



Napus dulcis. Blackw. t. 410. 1765. 



Navet petit de Berlin. Vilm. 360. 1883. 



Teltow turnip. Vilm. 580. 1885. 



The navets are mentioned as under cultivation in England by Worlidge,^ 1683; as the 

 French turnip by Wheeler,' 1763, and in Miller's Dictionary, 1807. Gasparin^ says the 

 navet de Berlin, which often acquires a great size, is much grown in Alsace and in Germany. 

 It is grown in China, according to Bretschneider.* This turnip was known in the fifth 

 century. 



The Common Flat Turnip. 

 (B. rapa depressa DC.) 



This turnip has a large root expanding under the origin of the stem into a think, round, 

 fleshy tuber, flattened at the top and bottom. It has white, yellow, black, red or purple 

 and green varieties. It seems to have been known from ancient times and is described 

 and figured by the earlier botanists. The synonymy is as follows: 



A. Flattened both above and below. 



Rapum. Matth. 240. 1554; Cam. Epit. 218. 1586. 

 Rapum sive rapa. Pin. 143. 1561. 

 Rapa. Dur. C. 386. 1617. 

 Navet turnip. Vilm. 583. 1883. 



B. Flattened, but pointed below. 



Orbiculatum seu turbinatum rapum. Lob. /cow. 1:197. '^TQi- 

 Rapum. Porta, Phytognom. 120. 1591. 

 Rapum vulgare. Dod. 673. 1616. 

 Rave d'Auvergne tardive. Vilm. 



C. Globtdar. 



Rapum. Trag. 728. 1552. 

 Rapa, La Rave. Toum. 113. 1719. 

 Navet jaune d'Hollande. Vilm. 370. 1883. 

 Yellow Dutch. Vilm. 588. 1885. 



The Long Turnip. 

 {B. rapa oblonga DC.) 

 This race of turnip differs from the preceding in having a long or oblong tuber tapering 

 to the radicle. It seems an ancient form, perhaps the Cleonaeum of Pliny. 



' Columella lib. 2, c. 10, etc.; 10, c. 421. 



Ibid. 



Worlidge, J. Sysi. Hort. 181. 1683. 



* Gasparin Cours Agr. 4:116. 



Bretschneider, E. Bot. Sin. 78. 1882. 



