140 STURTEVANT S NOTES ON EDIBLE PLANTS 



V. 



Calyx Set in Concavity of Fruit. 

 This character perhaps results only from the swollen condition of the fruit as pro- 

 duced by selection and culture. As, however, it appears constant in our seedsmen's varie- 

 ties, it may answer our purpose here. 



(a) Fruit very much flattened. 



Piper indicum rotundum maximum. Hort. Eyst. 1613, 1713. 



Solanum mordeus, etc., Bonnet Pepper. Pluk. Phyt. t. 227, p. i. 1691. 



Capsicum tetragonum. Fingerhuth t. 10. 



Piment tomato. Vilm. 413. 1886. 



Red Tomato capsicum or American bonnet. Vilm. 154. 1885. 



(b) Fruit, squarish, angular, very much swollen, large. 



This group includes the Bell, Sweet Mountain, Monstrous, and Spanish Mammoth of 

 Vilmorin; the Giant Emperor, Golden Dawn, etc. of American seedsmen. The varieties 

 of this class seem referable to Capsicum annuum rugulosum Fing., C. grossum pomiforme 

 Fing. and C. angulosum Fing. but these have not yet been su.Ticiently studied. 



Group V embraces the sweet peppers and none other. A sweet kind is noted by 

 Acosta,' 1604, and it is perhaps the rocot uchu of Peru, as mentioned by Garcilasso de la 

 Vega.2 Sweet peppers are also referred to by Piso,* 1648. 



Occasionally Capsicum baccatum Linn, is grown, but the species is too southern for 

 general use in the North. Its synonymy follows: 



Capsicum, Piper indicum brevioribus siliquis. Lob. Ofo. 172. 1576; /com. 1:317. 1591. 



Capsicum brasilianum. Dalechamp 633. 1587; Pancov. n. 297. 1673. 



Capsicum minimis siliquis. Ger. 292. 1597; Dod. 717. 1616. 



Fig. 8. Piso De Ind. 225. 1658. 



Peperis capsicivarietas, siliqua parva, etc. Chabr. 297. 1677. 



Capsicum baccatum Linn. Fingerhuth t. 4. 



Small Red Cayenne. Briggs Seed Cat. 1874. 



Caragana ambigua Stocks. Leguminosae. 



Baluchistan. The flowers are eaten by the Brahmans in Baluchistan, where it is 

 called shinalak.* 



C. arborescens Lam. Siberian pea tree. 



Siberia. The seeds are of cuUnary value but are used particularly for feeding 

 poultry.* 



Cardamine amara Linn. Cruciferae. bitter cress. 



Europe and northern Asia. Lightfoot ^ says the young leaves are acrid and bitter 



' Acosta Nat. Mor. Hist. Ind. 266. 1604. Grimestone Ed. 

 'Vega Roy. Comment. Hakl. Soc. Ed. 2:365. 1871. 

 ' Piso Hist. Rerum Nat. Bras. 108. 1648. 



* Brandis, D. Forest Ft. 134. 1876. 

 Mueller, P. Set. Pis. go. 1891. 



Lightfcwt, J. Fl. Scot. 1:350. 1789. 



