sturtevant's notes on edible plants 235 



II. 



The Half-Long, Taper-Pointed Forms. 



Pastinaca saliva altera. Fuch. 683. 1542. 



Siser. Matth. Comment. 242. 1558; Pin. 147. 1561. 



Siser alterum. Cam. Epit. 22 "j. 1586. 



Carota. Dur. C. 95. 1617. 



Blanche des Vosges. Vilm. 70. 1883. 



Danvers Half-long of American gardens. 



III. 

 Premorse-Rooted Forms. 



The premorse forms offer a number of subtypes which are very distinct, some being 

 nearly spherical, others cylindrical, and yet others tapering, but all ending abruptly at the 

 base, the tap-root starting from a flat, or nearly flat, surface. This appearance seems 

 to be modem. 



The spherical. The earliest mention of this type is in France in 1824, 1826 and 

 1829, as the Courte de Pollande.^, -, '. It is figured by Decaisne and Naudin,* and, in a 

 more improved form, by Viknorin in 1883. 



The cylindrical. The carrots of this type are remarkably distinct and have foi types 

 the Carentan and the Coreless of Viknorin. The first was in American seed-catalogs 

 in 1878. 



The tapering. A number of varieties belong to this class, of which the Early Horn 

 is the type. This was mentioned for American gardens by McMahon,^ 1806, and by 

 succeeding authors. 



In view of the confusion in early times in the naming of the carrot, it is desirable 

 to offer a list of the names used by various authors, with the dates. The first, or long 

 carrot, was called in England, carot, Lyte, 1586: In France, carota, Ruel., 1536; carottes, 

 pastenades, Pin., 1561; pastenade jaune, pastenade rouge, Lyte, 1586; carotte, racine jaune, 

 Ger., 1597: In Germany, Pastenei, Ammon., 1539; Pastiney Pastinachen, Fuch., 1542; 

 geel Ruben, rohte Ruben, weissen Ruben, Trag., iss'2\Mohren, Rosz., 1550; Moren, Pin., 

 1561; gelbe Ruben, weissen Ruben, RauwoU, 1582; rot Mohren, weisse Mohren, Cam., 1586: 

 In Dutch, geel peen, pooten, geel mostilen, caroten, Lyte, 1586: In Italy, carota, Pin., 1561; 

 carota and carotola. Cam., 1586; pastinaca, Ger., 1597; Dod., 1616: In Spain, canahoria, 

 Ger., 1^97; and pastenagues, cenoura, Dod., 1616. 



The half -long, taper-pointed carrot was called siser by Matthiolus in 1 5 58 : In France, 

 carottes blanche. Pin. 1561; but his other names applicable to the skirret are the chervy, 

 giroles or carottes blanches. Cam. Epit. 1586: In Germany, Gierlin or Girgellin, Cam. 

 1586: In Italy, carota bianca. Cam. 1586; carotta, carocola, Dur. C. 1617: In Spain, 

 chirivias. Camerarius, 1586, says they were planted in gardens and even in fields 

 throughout Germany and Bohemia. 



' PiroUe L'Hort. Franc. 1824. 



^ Petit Did. Jard. 1826. 



Noisette Man. Jard. 1829. 



* Decaisne and Naudin Man. Jard. 4:125. 



' McMahon, B. Amer. Card. Cal. 313. 1806. 



