STURTEVANT S NOTES ON EDIBLE PLANTS 297 



natives,* and the seeds are used as a substitute for mustard and yield a good oil.^ In 

 Jamaica, it is considered a wholesome plant but, from its being a little bitterish, requires 

 repeated boilings to make it palatable.' 



Gynura sarmentosa DC. Conipcsitae. 



Malay. In China, the leaves are employed as food.* 



Gyrophora muhlenbergii Ach. Lichenes. rock tripe. 



Arctic Simates. Franklin ' says, when boiled with fish-roe or other animal matter, 

 this lichen is agreeable and nutritious and is eaten by the natives. 



G. vellea Linn. Ach. rock tripe. 



Cold regions. This lichen forms a pleasanter food than the other species of this 

 genus.' 



Haematostaphis barteri Hook. f. Anacardiaceae. blood plum. 



Tropical Africa. The fruit has a pleasant, subacid flavor when ripe. In size and 

 shape it is similar to a grape.' 



Haemodomm sp.? Haemodoraceae. 



At Swan River, Australia, Drummond says seven or eight species furnish roots which 

 are eaten by the natives. The roots of all the species are acrid when raw but mild and 

 nutritious when roasted.' 



Halesia tetraptera Linn. Siyraceae. silver-bell tree, wild olive. 



North Carolina to Texas. The ripe fruit is eaten by some people and when green 

 is sometimes made into a pickle. 



Hamamelis virginiana Linn. Hamamelideae. witch-hazel. 



Northeastern United States. The seeds are used as food, says Balfour.' The kernels 

 are oily and eatable, says Lindley.'" The source of such statements, writes Gray,*' appears 

 to be the Medical Flora of the eccentric Rafinesque, who says the nuts are called pistachio 

 nuts in the Southern States, but Gray *^ has never heard of the seeds being eaten. They 

 are about the size of a grain of barley and have a thick, bony coat. 



1 Ainslie, W. Mat. Ind. 2:224. 1 826. 

 ' Drury, H. Useful Pis. Ind. 239. 1873. 

 Ainslie, W. Mat. Ind. 2:224. 1826. 



* Dickie, G. D. Treas. Bot. 1:187. 1870. {Cacalia procumbens) 

 'Franklin, J. Narr. Journ. Polar Seas 773. 1823. 



Ibid. 



^ Card. Chron. 751. 1864. 

 ' Hooker, W. J. Journ. Bot. 2:355. 1840. 

 Balfour, J. H. Man. Bot. 504. 1875. 

 "Lindley, J. Veg. King. 784. 1846. 

 " Gray, A. Amer. Journ. Set. 24:439. 1857, 

 Ibid. 



