STURTEV ant's NOTES ON EDIBLE PLANTS 393 



Phocian colony which inhabited Marseilles, 680 B. C. It is now extensively ooltivated 

 in Italy, southern France, Spain, Portugal, northern Africa, western Asia and Australia, 

 and, of late years, its culture seems to be making rapid progress in southern California. 



In 1560, three plants were carried to Lima, Peru, one of these was stolen and 

 carried to Chile and from this origin flourishing plantations became established.' 



In 1755, the olive was introduced into South Carolina and, in 1785, it is reported as 

 successfully grown.^ In this year, also, the South Carolina Society imported cuttings 

 of olives. "In 1833, two varieties were introduced at Beaufort, South Carolina, and are 

 said to have succeeded fairly well.' In 1869 and 1871, mention is made of the fruiting of 

 olives at this place. In 1760, the olive was introduced into Florida by a colony of 

 Greeks and Minorcans who founded New Smyrna, and about 1760 Anastasia Island, 

 opposite St. Augustine, was remarkable for its fine olive trees.'* In 1867, fine crops were 

 gathered in gardens in St. Augustine. On Cvunberland Island, Georgia, a number of 

 trees bore abundantly for many years prior to 1835 s^nd, in 1825 at Darien, some 200 

 trees were planted.* In 1854, olive trees were under cultivation in Louisiana, and 

 Jefferys,* 1760, speaks of olive trees there yielding palatable fruit and excellent oil but 

 he may have referred to the wild olive, 0. americana. In 181 7, an attempt by a colony 

 to cultivate the olive in Alabama was made, a grant of land being given conditionally on 

 success, but the enterprise was not prosecuted and fell through. In California, the olive 

 is said to have been planted in 1700.' 



The use of the fruit for the expression of an oil and for pickling is very extensive, 

 and these products are largely an object of export from southern Europe. In 

 Cephalonia,' according to Mrs. Brassey, the press cake is used by the peasants as a 

 staple diet. 



Olneya tesota A. Gray. Leguminosae. ironwood. olneya. 



Mexico. This tree grows in the most desolate and rocky parts of Arizona and Sonora. 

 The seeds are eaten raw or roasted by the Indians. When care is taken to parch them 

 they equal peanuts with no perceptible difference in taste. The Mohave Indians of 

 Arizona store them for winter use.' 



Ombrophytiun sp.? Balanophoreae. mountain maize. 



Peru. These plants, according to Poppig, are boiled and eaten like fungi. They 

 spring up suddenly in Peru after rain and are called mountain maize.'" 



Markham, C. R. Trav. Cieza de Leon. Hakl. Soc. Ed. 33:401. 1864. 

 Porcher, F. P. Res. So. Fields, Forests 567. 1869. 

 U. S. Pat. Of. Rpt. 310. 1855. 



* Hist. Mass. Hort. Soc. 30. 1880. 

 ' Couper Farm. Libr. 3: 196. 1848. 

 Jefferys, T. Nat. Hist. Amer. 1:155. 1760. 

 ' Hist. Mass Hort. Soc. 39. 1880. 



* Brassey Sunshine, Storm East iiiyg. 1880. 

 V. S. Dept. Agr. Rpt. 411. 1870. 



"> Masters, M. T. Treas. Bot. iiSii. 1870. 



