476 sturtevant's notes on edible plants 



sometimes used in jellies. E. Y. Teas,' a correspondent of Case's Botanical Index, says he 

 has seen specimens two by three inches in diameter, with a fine fleshy texture, abounding 

 in a rich, aromatic juice, as tart as and very much like a lemon, readily producing a jelly 

 of the finest quality and most delightful flavor. When baked or stewed, the fruit becomes 

 very fine. 



P. lanata D. Don. 



Himalayan region. The fruit is edible.' 



P. malus Linn, apple. 



Forests of temperate Europe and Asia. The apple has been cultivated from remote 

 time. Carbonized apples have been foimd in the ancient lake habitations of Switzerland, 

 at Wangen, at Robenhausen and at Concise, but these are small and resemble those which 

 still grow wild in the Swiss forests.' Apples were raised in the gardens of the Phoeni- 

 cians.* They are. noticed by Sappho, Theocritus and Tibullus.' Theophrastus * knew 2 

 kinds of apples; Cato,' 7; Pliny,' 36; Palladius,' 37."' Varro, in the first centtiry B. C, 

 reports that, when he led his army through Transalpine Gaul as far as the Rhine, he 

 passed through a country that had not the apple. According to Targioni-Tozzetti," 

 in a manuscript list of the fruits served up in the course of the year 1670 at the table of 

 the Grand Duke Cosmo III, of Tuscany, 56 sorts are described, 52 of which are figured 

 by Costello.'^ In England, 1640, Parkinson " enumerates 59 sorts. In 1669, Worlidge '* 

 gives a list of 92, chiefly cider apples. In 1697, Meager '' gives a list of 83 as cultivated 

 in the London nurseries of his day. Yet Hartlibb,'* 1651, mentions 200 and was of opinion 

 that SCO varieties existed. 



In 1524, Verazzano," on the coast of what is supposed to be the present Massachu- 

 setts, mentions apples but we know not to what fruit he could have referred. Apple seeds 

 were in the Memorandum of 1629 * of seeds to be sent the Massachusetts Company. In 

 1648, Peregrin White,'*' the first European born in New England, planted apples at Marsh- 



' Case Bot. Index. Apr. 1880. 



' Royle, J. F. Illustr. Bot. Himal. 1:206. 1839. 



' Lubbock Amer. Journ. Set. and i4r{ 34:181 



* Unger U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt. 344. 1859. 



' Pickering, C. Ceog. Dist. Ans., Pis. 39. 1863. 



Unger U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt. 344. 1859. 



' Ibid. 



Ibid. 



Ibid. 

 Ibid. 



" Targoni-Tozzetti Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. 9:159 1855, 

 Ibid. 



Mcintosh, C. Book Card. 2:412. 1855. 

 " Ibid. 

 " Ibid. 

 ' Ibid. 



" Tytler Prog. Disc. No. Coast Amer. 36. 1833. 

 " Mass. Records 1:24. 

 " Hist. Mass. Hort. Soc. 3. 18S0. 



