478 sturtevant's notes on edible plants 



, but is hardly edible, being prized for its odor.' At Ismailia, Egypt, the apple grows but does 

 not bear fruit.' The fruit grows at Tonquin, north Africa, but is scarcely fit to be eaten. 

 The apple grows in Scandinavia as far as 62 north, in the Orkneys 60 north and, 

 according to Rhind,' bears very fair fruit. Apples are grown in northern Russia but the 

 most esteemed come to St. Petersburg from the Crimea. They are plentiful in Britain, 

 France, Switzerland and Germany. The fruit is said to be poor in Italy, as in Greece. 

 In America, the apple bears fair fruit as far north as Quebec and is fotmd in varieties in 

 all the states even to Mexico. In Venezuela, the fruit is noted by Himiboldt to be of good 

 quality. In Peru, the apple is said to be uneatable. In La Plata, the tree grows well, 

 but the fruit is of poor quality. A dwarf form is called the Paradise apple and another, 

 in France, the Doucin, or St. Johns apple. On accoxmt of rapid and low growth, these 

 dwarfs are principally used as stocks for dwarf apples. 



P. pashia Buch.-Ham. wild pear. 



The hills of India. The fruit is edible when it has become somewhat decayed.* It 

 is even then harsh and not sweet.' 



P. prunifolia Willd. plum-leaved apple. 



Southern Siberia, northern China and Tartary. This is one of the forms of the tree 

 cultivated as the Siberian Crab.* 



P. rivularis Dougl. Oregon crab apple. 



Alaska, Oregon, northern California and Nevada. The fruit is about the size of a 

 cherry and is employed by the Indians of Alaska as a part of their food supply.' They 

 are also used by the Indians of California * and of Oregon.' The Oregon crab is called 

 by the Chinooks powitch.^" In the early settlement of Oregon, this fruit was used largely 

 for preserves. Aside from the great proportion of seeds, it does not make a bad sauce.'' 



P. salicifolia Pall, willow-leaved pear. 



Caucasus, Greece, Turkey, Persia and southwest Russia. The fruit is edible, but 

 the tree is utilized more as a superior stock for grafting.'' 



P. salvifolia DC. sage-leaved pear. 



This species is wild and cultivated about Aurelia in France. The fruit is thick, long 

 and fit for perry." 



' Pickering, C. Chron. Hist. Pis. 181. 1879. {Malus sylvestris) 

 ' Card. Chron. 18:458. 1882. 

 'Rhind, W. Hist. Veg. King. 321. 1855. 

 Royle, J. F. Illustr. Bot. Himal. 1 :2o6. 1839. 

 ' Brandis, D. Forest Fl. 204. 1874. {P. variolosa) 

 Vasey Amer. Pom. Soc. Rpt. 56. 1877. 

 ' Vasey V. S. D. A. Rpt. 162. 1875. 



Brewer and Watson Bot. Cat. 1:189. 1880. (Crataegus rivularis) 

 ' Hooker, W. J. Fl. Bar. Amer. 1:203. 1840- 

 ' Ibid. 



" Case Bot. Index 38. 1881. 

 Mueller, F. Sel. Pis. 399. 1891. 

 "Loudon, J. C. Arh. Frut. Brit. 2:888. 1844. 



