STURTEVANT S NOTES ON EDIBLE PLANTS 499 



in the Hortus Eystettensis} representing unmistakably highly improved forms, and these 

 varieties may well be called the Common Red, the Red Dutch and the White Dutch. 

 The Large Red is said to be the same as the large-fruited sort described by Clusius. 

 Dodonaeus,^ 1616, figures what may be called the Common Red, as common in gardens 

 and usefvil for topiary work. In 1623, Bauhin ' names the Common Red, the Sweet- 

 fruited Red, the Red Dutch and the White Dutch (for so we interpret the types) under 

 Latin names and synonyms and says, at Florence, he had seen fruit larger than a hazelnut. 

 J. Bauhin,* in his history of plants, published in 1651 but written long before, for he died 

 in 1613, figures what may be the Common Red and describes what may be the Red Dutch 

 and the White Dutch. In 1654, Swertius ^ figures the Common Red and two very fine, 

 large sorts, which we may call the Red and White Dutch type, yet somewhat larger. 

 Jonstonus,* 1662, figures the Common Red and, as a compiler, makes mention of the 

 Large Red and White. In 1665, Lovell ' speaks of the Red and White in gardens in 

 England. In 1677, Chabraeus * figures the Common Red, and Pancovius,' 1673, what 

 may be the Red Dutch. Tiure,'" 1685, refers to two sorts, the Red and AVTiite, as growing 

 among the hills of Italy, but the latter the more infrequent. In 1686, Ray "describes the 

 three forms, the Common, the Large Red and the White, while in 1690, Quintyne '^ mentions 

 the Red and White Dutch by name, and Meager " gives directions for growing the White. 



In the eighteenth century, we have like mention by botanists of the large and small 

 forms, both red and white, and come to the use of common names for varieties. In 1757, 

 Blackwell's Herbarium represents in colors what may be the Common Red, Common 

 White, and the Red Dutch in Germany; Salberg and Trenborg, 1763 and 1764, name 

 the Red and White Currant for Sweden; and Langley, in his Pomona, 1729, speaks only 

 of Red and White Dutch in England. Mawe's Gardener, 1778, imder Ribes, names for 

 varieties in England, the Common Small Red, Large Red Dutch, Long-bunched Red, 

 Champagne Pale Red, Common Small White, Large White Dutch, Yellow Blotched- 

 leaved, Silver-striped-leaved, Gold-striped-leaved and Gooseberry-leaved. 



In 1807, Miller's Dictionary names the Common Red, Common White, Champagne, 

 White Dutch and Red Dutch. In 1834, Don " names 13 sorts as under English cultivation. 

 Downing describes in the various editions of his exhaustive work on fruit culture 8 varieties 



' Hortus Eystel. 1713; an edition corresponding to that of 1613. 

 ' Dodonaeus Pempt. 748. 161 6. 

 ' Bauhin, C. Pinax. 455. 1623. 

 'Bauhin, J. Hist. PI. 11, 98. 1651. 

 ' Sweertius Floril. t. 33. 1654. 

 ' JonsXaims Dendrograph. 221. 1662. 

 ' Lovell Herb, 1 18. 1665. 

 ' Chabraeus 5ciag. and /co. 112. 1677. 

 Pancovius Herb. 1673. 

 " Turre Dryadum. 588. 1685. 

 "Ray Hist. PL 11, i486. 1686. 

 "Quintyne Comp. Card. Evelyn Ed. 143. 1693. 

 " Meager Eng. Card. 45. 1683. 

 "Don, G. Hist. Dichl. Ph. Ill, 188. 1834. 



