522 STURTEVANT S NOTES ON EDIBLE PLANTS 



S. nigra Linn, elderberry. European elder. 



Europe and northern Asia. The elderberry is cultivated for its fruits, which are 

 generally purplish-black, but a variety occurs of a greenish-white hue. In Europe, a wine 

 is made from the berries and they are even marketed in London for this purpose. The 

 berries are largely consumed in Portugal for coloring port wine. The flowers are 

 fried in a batter and eaten. There are many superstitions which cluster about the 

 elderberry. 



S. xanthocarpa F. Muell. Australian edler. 



Australia. This species furnishes one of the edible wild fruits of Australia.' 



Sandoricum indicum Cav. Meliaceae. sandal. 



Tropical Asia. In the Moluccas, Lindley' says the fruit is globtdar, the size of a 

 small orange and somewhat three-sided. Its color is dull yellow, and it is filled with a firm, 

 fleshy, agreeable, acid pulp, which forms a thick covering around the gelatinous substance, 

 in which the seeds are lodged. Rumphius * says the fruit is chiefly used for culinary pur- 

 poses. Mason * says the fleshy, acid pulp of the mangosteen-like fruit is highly relished 

 by the natives. 



Santalum lanceolatum R. Br. Santalaceae. sandalwood. 



Australia. The fruit is a brown or a black drupe, oblong, of a sweet taste arid is the 

 size of a small plum.* 



Sapindus attenuatus Wall. Sapindaceae. 



Himalayan region. The fruit is eaten by the natives of Silhet.' 



S. esculentus A. St. Hil. pittombera. 



Gardner ' says the fnut is produced in large bunches, resembling in size the common 

 grape. The outer covering is hard but the embryo, or kernel, is covered with a thin, 

 transparent, sweetish-acid pulp, which alone is eaten. 



S. fruticosus Roxb. 



Moluccas, linger * says this plant furnishes a sweetish-sour, edible fruit. 



S. marginatus Willd. soapberry. 



Northern North America. The Alaska Indians pound the berries and press the 

 pulpy mass into round cakes to be used for food. It is an exceedingly repulsive food to 

 Whites. 9 



Unger, F. U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt. 347. 1859. 



Lindley, J. Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. 5:116. 1824. 

 > Ibid. 



Pickering, C. Chron. Hist. Pis. 208. 1879. 



' Palmer, E. Journ. Roy. Soc. New So. Wales 17:103. 1884. 



Royle, J. F. lUustr. Bat. Himal. i: 138. 1839. 

 'Gardner, G. Trav. Braz. 176. 1849. 



Unger, F. U.S. Pal. Off. Rpt. 344. 1859. 

 Dall, W. H. U. S. D. A. Rpt. 412. 1870. 



