STURTEVANT S NOTES ON EDIBLE PLANTS 559 



Sticta pulmonaria (Linn.) Schaer. Lichenes. lung lichen, lungwort. 



Northern climates. This lichen, found growing on the ground in woods, is used as 

 a substitute for Iceland moss.' 



Stilbocarpa polaris A. Gray. Araliaceae. 



New Zealand. This is an herbaceous plant with long roots, which are saccharine 

 and have served ship-wrecked people for a lengthened period as sustenance.^ 



Strelitzia reginae Ait. Scitamineae. bird of paradise flower. 

 South Africa. The seeds are gathered and eaten by the Kaffirs.' 



Strychnos innocua Delile. Loganiaceae. 



Nubia. The pulp of the fruit is eaten by the natives of Egypt and Senegal.* 



S. nux-vomica Linn, nux-vomica tree, strychnine. 



Tropical India and Burma. Mason ' says in Burma the pulp of the fruit is a favorite 

 repast with children. 



S. potatorum Linn. f. clearing nut. water-filter nut. 



East Indies. The fruit, when very young, is made into a preserve and eaten. ^ The 

 pulp of the fruit is edible ' and the ripe seeds are dried and sold in the bazaars to clear 

 muddy water.* 



S. pseudo-quina A. St. Hil. copalchi. 



Brazil. The pulpy portion of the fruit is eaten by the natives.' 



S. spinosa Lam. 



Madagascar. The fruit, according to Flacourt,*" is as large as a quince, with a gourd- 

 like shell full of large, flat seeds; the juice and watery pulp are agreeable when ripe. The 

 pulp of the fruit is commonly eaten by the natives wherever it grows; it is somewhat acid 

 and is said to be delicious." 



S. tieute Lesch. 



Java. The bark of its root jaelds one of the most dangerous poisons known, called 

 tshettik or tjettik or upas radja}"^ The pulp of the fruit is said to be edible." 



Smith, J. Diet. Econ. Pis. 253. 1882. 

 'Mueller, F. Sel. Pis. 468. 1891. 



> Masters, M. T. Treas. Bot. 2:1103. 1870. 



Masters, M. T. Treas. Bot. 2:1 106. 1870. 

 ' Pickering, C. Chron. Hist. Pis. 638. 1879. 

 'Ainslie, W. Mat. Ind. 2:420. 1826. 

 'Brandis, D. Forest Fl. 2,11 1874. 



Drury, H. Useful Pis. Ind. 408. 1873. 



Royle, J. F. Illustr. Bot. Himal. 1:272. 1839. 

 "> Pickering, C. Chron. Hist. Pis. 707. 1879. 



" Black, A. A. Treas. Bot. 1:168. 1870. (Brehmia spinosa) 

 " Pickering, C. Chron. Hist. Pis. 445. X879. 

 Masters, M. T. Treas. Bot. 2:1106. 1870. 



