xiv SYLVICULTURE IN THE TROPICS 



FIG. 



76. Teak planted in cleared lines in Ceylon . . 



91. Shifting sands invading the arable banks of the Nile, Dongola, 

 Sudan .......... 



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OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS 



Pruning-hook ......... 



Tree-pruner ......... 



Mango-gatherer's pole ....... 



Germination test of seed with syphon . . . . . 



Germination test of seed with wetting by capillary attraction 



Cross-sections of seed-beds irrigated by flooding a-nd by 

 percolation respectively . 



Plan and length-section of portion o 

 by a meandering channel 



Egyptian "shadoof" 



Persian wheel . 



Improved " charas " 



Trowel-hoe 



Furrow-board 



Wedge-board 



Ridge mould 



Weeding-fork 



Dutch hoe 



Garden-trowel . 



Four-pronged fork 



Lifting seedlings with spade 



and 38. Flat spades . 



Semicircular spade 



Circular transplanter . 



Ceylon transplanter . 



Planting-stake . 



Planting-board . 



Transplant-holder 



f a seed-bed irrigated 



